Isingeniso Sezinto Ezingajwayelekile Zezinhlayiya/I-Pellet kanye Nokuthuthukiswa (i-Buhler Fumsun CPM pellet mill)

1. Izinto ze-pellet zigobile futhi zibonisa imifantu eminingi ohlangothini olulodwa
Lesi simo ngokuvamile senzeka lapho izinhlayiya ziphuma edayini yendandatho. Lapho indawo yokusika ilungiswa kude nobuso bedayini yendandatho futhi i-blade ibuthuntu, izinhlayiya ziyaphuka noma zidatshulwe yithuluzi lokusika lapho zicindezelwa ziphuma emgodini wedayi, kunokuba zinqunywe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ezinye izinhlayiya zigoba ziye kolunye uhlangothi kanti olunye uhlangothi luveza imifantu eminingi.

Izindlela zokuthuthukisa:
• Khulisa amandla okucindezela e-ring die ekuphakeleni, okungukuthi, khulisa isilinganiso sokucindezela se-ring die, ngaleyo ndlela ukhulise ubuningi kanye nenani lobunzima bezinto ze-pellet;
• Cindezela izinto zokudla zibe usayizi omncane. Uma nje kunezelwa ama-molasses noma amafutha, ukufana kokusatshalaliswa kwama-molasses noma amafutha kufanele kuthuthukiswe futhi inani elingeziwe kufanele lilawulwe ukuze kwandiswe ukuqina kwezinto ze-pellet futhi kuvimbele ukudla ukuthi kuthambe;
•Lungisa ibanga phakathi kwensingo yokusika kanye nobuso bedayi yendandatho noma uyishintshe ngensingo yokusika ebukhali;
•Ukwamukela izithasiselo ze-granulation zohlobo lwe-glue ukuze kuthuthukiswe amandla okubopha phakathi kwezinhlayiya.

2. Imifantu evundlile iwela yonke into yezinhlayiya
Ngokufanayo nesenzakalo esisesimeni 1, imifantu iyenzeka engxenyeni evundlile yezinhlayiya, kodwa izinhlayiya azigobeki. Lesi simo singase senzeke lapho kufakwa ukudla okuthambile okuqukethe inani elikhulu le-fiber. Ngenxa yokuba khona kwemifantu emide kunosayizi wembobo, lapho izinhlayiya zikhishwa, ukwanda kwemifantu kubangela imifantu evundlile engxenyeni evundlile yezinto zezinhlayiya, okuholela ekubukekeni kokudla okufana negxolo le-fir.

Izindlela zokuthuthukisa:
• Khulisa amandla okucindezela e-ring die ku-feed, okungukuthi, khulisa isilinganiso sokucindezela se-ring die;
• Lawula ukucobeka kokuchoboza ifayibha, uqinisekise ukuthi ubude obuphezulu abudluli ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobukhulu bezinhlayiya;
• Khulisa umkhiqizo ukuze unciphise ijubane lokuphakelwa kokudla okudlula emgodini wokufa futhi wandise ukuqina;
• Nweba isikhathi sokushisa ngokusebenzisa ama-conditioner e-multi-layer noma uhlobo lwe-kettle;
•Uma okuqukethwe komswakama wempuphu kuphezulu kakhulu noma kuqukethe i-urea, kungenzeka futhi ukuthi kukhiqizwe ukubukeka okufana negxolo le-fir. Umswakama owengeziwe kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-urea kufanele kulawulwe.

3. Imifantu eqondile ivela ezintweni ze-pellet
Ifomula yokudla iqukethe ukuthengwa okuthambile nokunwebeka kancane, okuzomunca amanzi futhi kwande uma kulungiswa yi-conditioner. Ngemva kokucindezelwa nokugoqwa yi-ring die, izoqhekeka ngenxa yomphumela wamanzi kanye nokunwebeka kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokwazo, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okuqondile.

Izindlela zokuthuthukisa yilezi:
• Shintsha ifomula, kodwa ukwenza kanjalo kunganciphisa izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa;
• Sebenzisa umusi owomile ogcwele kakhulu;
•Nciphisa umthamo wokukhiqiza noma wandise ubude obusebenzayo bomgodi wokufa ukuze wandise isikhathi sokugcina ukudla emgodini wokufa;
•Ukwengeza inhlaka kungasiza futhi ekunciphiseni ukuqhekeka okuqondile.
 
4. Ukuqhekeka kwemisebe kwezinto ze-pellet kusuka endaweni eyodwa yomthombo
Lokhu kubonakala kubonisa ukuthi izinto ze-pellet ziqukethe izinto ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kwe-pellet, okunzima ukuzimunca ngokuphelele umswakama nokushisa emphefumulweni wamanzi ngesikhathi sokucisha nokushisa, futhi azithambi kalula njengezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ezithambile. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sokupholisa, amazinga ahlukene okuthamba abangela umehluko ekuncipheni, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwemifantu ye-radial kanye nokwanda kwesilinganiso sokugaywa.
 
Izindlela zokuthuthukisa yilezi:
Lawula futhi uthuthukise ubuncane kanye nokufana kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuze zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa zidinga ukuthanjiswa ngokugcwele nangokulinganayo ngesikhathi sokushisa.

5. Ubuso bezinto ze-pellet abulingani
Isenzakalo esingenhla ukuthi i-powder icebile ngezinto ezinkulu zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlayiya, ezingenakuthanjiswa ngokuphelele ngesikhathi senqubo yokushisa. Uma idlula emgodini we-die we-granulator, ayikwazi ukuhlanganiswa kahle nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa, okwenza izinhlayiya zibonakale zingalingani. Okunye okungenzeka ukuthi izinto zokusetshenziswa ezicinyiwe neziqinisiwe zixutshwe namabhamuza omusi, akhiqiza amabhamuza omoya ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela ukudla kube yizinhlayiya. Ngesikhathi lapho izinhlayiya zicindezelwa ngaphandle kwe-ring die, izinguquko ekucindezelweni zibangela ukuthi amabhamuza aphuke futhi abangele ukungalingani ebusweni bezinhlayiya. Noma yikuphi ukudla okuqukethe i-fiber kungase kubhekane nalesi simo.

Izindlela zokuthuthukisa:
Lawula kahle ukucolisakala kokudla okumpuphu, ukuze zonke izinto zokusetshenziswa zikwazi ukuthamba ngokugcwele ngesikhathi sokulungisa; Ukuze uthole izinto zokusetshenziswa ezinenani elikhulu le-fiber, njengoba zivame ukuba nama-bubbles anomusi, ungangezi umusi omningi kakhulu kule fomula.

6. Izinto ezifana nentshebe
Uma kunezelwa umusi omningi kakhulu, umusi omningi uzogcinwa kumafayibha noma impuphu. Lapho izinhlayiya zikhishwa ku-ring die, ushintsho olusheshayo ekucindezelweni luzobangela ukuthi izinhlayiya ziqhume futhi ziphume ebusweni beprotheyini noma izinto zokusetshenziswa kwezinhlayiya, kwakha ama-whiskers ahlabayo. Ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwesitashi esiningi kanye nokudla okune-fiber ephezulu, lapho kusetshenziswa umusi omningi, isimo siba sibi kakhulu.

Indlela yokuthuthukisa ilele ekushiseni okuhle.
•Ukudla okunesitashi esiningi kanye nokuqukethwe kwefayibha kufanele kusebenzise umusi ophansi (0.1-0.2Mpa) ukuze kukhishwe amanzi nokushisa ngokugcwele umusi ukuze kufakwe ukudla;
• Uma ingcindezi yomusi iphezulu kakhulu noma ipayipi elingezansi ngemuva kwevalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi lifushane kakhulu kumlawuli, okufanele ngokuvamile libe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-4.5, umusi ngeke ukhulule umswakama wawo futhi ushise kahle. Ngakho-ke, umusi othile ugcinwa ezintweni zokusetshenziswa zokudla ngemuva kokulungiswa, okungabangela umphumela wezinhlayiya ezifana ne-whisker okukhulunywe ngawo ngenhla ngesikhathi se-granulation. Ngamafuphi, kufanele kuqashelwe ngokukhethekile ukulawulwa kwengcindezi yomusi kanye nendawo yokufaka ivalvu yokunciphisa ingcindezi kumele ibe yilungile.

7. Izinhlayiya noma izinhlayiya ngazinye ezinemibala engaguquki phakathi kwezinhlayiya, ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi "izinto zezimbali"
Kuvamile ekukhiqizweni kokudla kwasemanzini, ikakhulukazi okubonakala ngombala wezinhlayiya ngazinye ezikhishwe kudayi wendandatho ezimnyama noma ezikhanyayo kunezinye izinhlayiya ezivamile, noma umbala wobuso bezinhlayiya ngazinye ungaguquguquki, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ikhwalithi yokubukeka kwayo yonke inqwaba yokudla.
• Izinto zokusetshenziswa kokudla kwasemanzini ziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwakheka, zinezinhlobo eziningi zezinto zokusetshenziswa, kanti ezinye izingxenye zengezwa ngamanani amancane, okuholela emiphumeleni yokuxuba engagculisi;
• Umswakama ongaguquki wezinto zokusetshenziswa ezisetshenziselwa ukuxubana noma ukuxuba okungalingani lapho kungezwa amanzi ku-mixer;
• Izinto eziphinde zasetshenziswa nge-granulation ephindaphindwayo;
•Ukuphela kobuso obungaguquguquki kodonga lwangaphakathi lwembobo yendandatho;
• Ukuguguleka ngokweqile kwedayi yendandatho noma i-pressure roller, ukukhishwa okungahambisani phakathi kwezimbobo ezincane.