Isifinyezo esiphezulu
Emakethe yezinkukhu ezincintisanayo lapho ukudla kwenyama kubalwa khona cishe70% wezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphelele, ikhwalithi ye-pellet ayiyona into enhle yobuchwepheshe — kuyinguquko echaza umkhawulo. Lapho umsebenzi we-broiler wezentengiselwano eSifundazweni saseMashonaland East, eZimbabwe, uthola ukuthi umshini wawo we-flat die pellet osuneminyaka eyishumi ubudala ukhiqiza ama-pellet aqhekekayo, anothuli ayephazamisa ukusebenza komhlambi futhi ekhuphula izikweletu zikagesi, abaphathi bepulazi benza isinyathelo esiwujuqu: bashintsha imishini endala ngomshini wesimanje we-ring die pellet ovela ku-I-Liyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd.Umphumela wabaUkuthuthukiswa kwamaphuzu angu-12%ku-Pellet Durability Index (PDI), ukwehla okulinganiselwe ku-Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), kanye ne-Ukwehla ngo-13% kokusetshenziswa kwamandlangethani lokuphakelwa okukhiqizwayo. Lolu cwaningo luhlola ubukhulu bezobuchwepheshe kanye nobezomnotho bokulungiswa kabusha.
Indawo Yokudla Kwezinkukhu eZimbabwe
Umkhakha wezinkukhu waseZimbabwe ukhiqize ama-metric ton angu-65,000 enyama yenkukhu ngo-2022, ngokusho kwedatha ye-USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwezinkukhu kubalwa njengesabelo esikhulu. Ukudla kwezinkukhu kumele ngaphezu kuka-70% wokusetshenziswa kokudla okuhlanganisiwe kwezimboni ezweni. I-Zimbabwe Poultry Association ibhale ngoshintsho oluhlelekile kusukela ekukhiqizweni kwasemuva kuya emisebenzini emikhulu yezentengiselwano. Lokhu kushintsha kuphakamisa ikhwalithi yokudla: ezinhlelweni zokondla ezizenzakalelayo manje ezivame ezindlini zezinkukhu zaseZimbabwe, ama-pellet kumele amelane nokuhanjiswa ngomshini ngaphandle kokubola. Ama-fine - izinhlayiya ezinothuli ezibangelwa ukuqhekeka kwama-pellet - zibangela izinyoni ukuba ziqoqe izingcezu ezinkulu ngokukhetha, okuholela ekuhlukaniseni izakhamzimba, ukwanda kokulahlekelwa ukudla, kanye nokucasuka kokuphefumula okuvela othulini olusemoyeni.
Inkinga yayivele ivele epulazini laseMashonaland East. I-flat die pellet mill yayo endala, eyayithengwe ekuqaleni ukuze ikhiqizwe ngezinga elincane, yayilwela ukuletha ama-pellet afanele umthamo wezinyoni okhulisiwe wepulazi ongama-80,000. Ukuhlolwa kwe-PDI okwenziwe ngokubambisana nelabhorethri yokudla yesifunda kubonise isilinganiso esingu-82% - ngaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo ongu-90% obhekwa njengobuncane bemisebenzi yenkukhu yezentengiselwano. Izinhlawulo zivame ukwedlula u-12% ezikhwameni zokudla eziqediwe.
“Ukulahlwa kokudla kwakubonakala nsuku zonke,” kusho umphathi wokukhiqiza wepulazi kamuva. “Ungasusa izinhlawulo phansi kwendlu ngayinye. Lokho ukudla osuvele ukukhokhele, kuzophela.”
Icala Lobuchwepheshe Lobuchwepheshe Be-Ring Die
Umkhawulo oyisisekelo wama-flat die pellet mills usekwakhekeni kwawo kwemishini. Ohlelweni lwe-flat die, ama-roller ajikeleza epuletini le-die elivundlile elingaguquki; indawo yokucindezela inqunyelwe endaweni yokuxhumana ye-roller-die, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kwezinto akungalingani ngokwemvelo. Njengoba ukuguguleka kwe-die kuqhubeka - okungenakugwenywa ngezabelo ezisuselwe kummbila waseZimbabwe - ukuqina kwe-pellet kuyawohloka ngokushesha.
Ama-ring die pellet mills abhekana nalezi mikhawulo ngomklamo ohlukile ngokuphelele. Ochungechungeni lwe-SZLH lukaLiyang Hongyang, i-die ring ijikeleza ama-roller amile noma ajikelezayo ku-axis eqondile. Izinto zifakwa endaweni yokugoba phakathi kwe-roller ne-die bese ziphoqelelwa ngaphandle ngemisebe ye-die ngaphansi kwengcindezi efanayo. Indawo yokucindezela esebenzayo inkulu kakhulu ngokujikeleza ngakunye, futhi amandla e-centrifugal asiza ukusatshalaliswa kwezinto, okuvumela ubuningi be-pellet obuhambisanayo kulo lonke ubuso be-die.
| Ipharamitha | Isigayo Esidala Esiyindilinga Esiyindilinga | I-Hongyang SZLH Ring Die |
|---|---|---|
| Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | 82% | 94% |
| Izinhlawulo ku-Finished Feed | >12% | <5% |
| Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla (kWh/ton) | ~22 | ~19.1 |
| Umthamo Wokusebenza (TPH) | 1.2 | 4.0 |
Lezi zibalo ziyahambisana nezilinganiso zemboni. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe ku-Isibuyekezo Sobuchwepheshe Bokuphakelayo(2023) kanye nezinqubo zokuhlola ze-ASABE Standard S269.4 ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukucushwa kwe-ring die ngokuvamile kudlula izinhlelo ze-flat die ngo-10-15% ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla kanye namaphuzu angu-8-15% ku-PDI yezinhlelo zokusebenza zokudla kwenkukhu.
Indlela ye-Liyang Hongyang
Okuhlukanisa ukusebenza kukaLiyang Hongyang yindlela yobunjiniyela yenkampani. Ama-SZLH ring die pellet mills akhiqizwa ngama-CNC-machined alloy steel die ring rings kanye nama-roller assemblies aqiniswe kahle, acutshungulwa ngendlela eqondile enciphisa ukudlidliza futhi andise izikhawu zesevisi. I-stainless steel conditioner ehlanganisiwe iqinisekisa ukungena komusi okufanayo kanye ne-gelatinization - isinyathelo esibalulekile sokwabiwa kwe-broiler esekelwe kusitashi lapho ukupheka okufanele kuthinta ngqo ukubopha kwe-pellet kanye nokutholakala kwezakhamzimba.
Ngaphambi kokuthumela umshini wokugaya i-SZLH508 eZimbabwe, ithimba lobuchwepheshe laseHongyang lenze ukuhlolwa okukude kokuhlelwa komugqa wokudla wepulazi okhona, imininingwane yokunikezwa kwamandla, kanye nephrofayili yezinto zokusetshenziswa. Lokhu kwavumela ukucushwa kwangaphambili kobukhulu bemigodi yokufa (ububanzi obungu-4.0mm, isilinganiso sokucindezela esilungiselelwe ifomula yokutshala inkukhu yommbila nesoya) kanye nemininingwane yemoto ehambisana negridi ye-50Hz yaseZimbabwe. Ukufakwa kwaqedwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezinhlanu. Unjiniyela waseHongyang wahlala endaweni ukuze aqeqeshe futhi aqeqeshe opharetha, emboza ukuhlolwa kokufa okuvamile, ukulungiswa kwegebe le-roller, kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lokushisa - ukudluliselwa kolwazi olusebenzayo ithimba lokulungisa ipulazi elalingazange liluthole ngokuthengwa kwemishini kwangaphambilini.
Imiphumela Elinganiswayo
Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kokuqaliswa kokusebenza, ipulazi lenze ukubuyekezwa kokusebenza okuphelele. Imiphumela yabhalwa phansi futhi yaqinisekiswa ngokuzimela:
Ikhwalithi ye-Pellet
I-PDI ikhuphuke kusuka ku-82% kuya ku-94%, ilinganiswa ngendlela ejwayelekile ye-ASABE tumbling can. Izinhlawulo ekudleni okufakwe emasakeni zehle ngaphansi kuka-5%. Ama-pellet aqinile aqeda inkinga yothuli emigqeni yokudla ezenzakalelayo, futhi ukuziphatha kwezinyoni kwashintsha kusuka ekukhetheni okukhethiwe kuya ekusetshenzisweni okulinganayo.
Isilinganiso Sokuguqulwa Kokuphakelayo
Ipulazi liqophe ukuthuthuka kwe-FCR cishe ngo-6.5%, kusuka ku-1.68 kuya ku-1.57 emjikelezweni wokukhula ogcwele. Lokhu kuhambisana nocwaningo olushicilelwe oluvela ku-Feed International olubonisa ukuthi ama-pellets e-PDI aphezulu (>93%) aveza ukuthuthuka kwe-FCR okungu-3-10% uma kuqhathaniswa nama-pellets ekhwalithi ephansi ekukhiqizweni kwenkukhu. Emsebenzini okhiqiza amathani angu-4,000 metric okuphakelayo minyaka yonke, lokhu kuthuthuka kumelela cishe amathani angu-260 okuphakelayo alondolozwa ngonyaka - umthelela oqondile we-bottom line.
Izindleko Zamandla
Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okulinganisiwe kwehle kusuka cishe ku-22 kWh kuya ku-19.1 kWh ngethani, okuwukwehla okungu-13%. Njengoba intela kagesi yaseZimbabwe ilinganiselwa cishe ku-$0.10–0.12 nge-kWh kubasebenzisi bezentengiselwano, lokhu kuholela ekongeni okunenjongo konyaka.
Isikhathi Sokusebenza
I-flat die mill yangaphambilini yayidinga ukumisa ukulungiswa okungahleliwe njalo emavikini ama-2-3 ngenxa yokwehluleka kwe-roller bearing kanye nokuguguleka okungalingani kwe-die plate. I-SZLH508, esebenza ngaphansi kwesimiso esifanayo sokukhiqiza kanye nezimo zezinto zokusetshenziswa, isiqede izinyanga eziyisithupha zokukhiqiza okuqhubekayo kanye nokuma kokulungisa okuhleliwe kuphela. Izingxenye ezisele, ezazitholakala ngaphambilini epulazini ngeziteshi zokungenisa ezingakahleleki ngezindleko eziphakeme kanye nezikhathi zokulethwa ezinde, manje sezitholakala ngenethiwekhi yokuphakelwa ngemuva kokuthengisa esungulwe yiLiyang Hongyang.
Imiphumela Yamasu Kwabalimi Bokudla Base-Afrika
Icala laseZimbabwe libonisa ukuthambekela okubanzi ekugayweni kokudla kwase-Afrika. I-USDA kanye ne-FAO bobabili baphawule ukuthi imisebenzi yokudla kwezentengiselwano ephakathi nendawo kulo lonke elase-Afrika elingaphansi kweSahara ishintsha kusukela emishinini esezingeni lokuqala kuya emishinini yezinga lezimboni njengoba ikhulisa ukukhiqizwa futhi ibhekene nezindleko zokufaka ezikhuphukayo. Ukuthuthukisa umshini wokugaya ama-pellet - inhliziyo yanoma yimuphi umugqa wokukhiqiza ukudla - kuvame ukuletha imbuyiselo ephezulu kakhulu ekutshalweni kwezimali phakathi kwezinketho zokulungisa kabusha ezingaba khona.
KuLiyang Hongyang, ukufakwa kweZimbabwe kwaqinisa ukuzibophezela kwenkampani ekusekeleni amakhasimende ngale kokuthengiswa kokuqala. Lapho kamuva ipulazi licela incazelo ehlukile yedayi yefomula entsha yokudla okunezingqimba, ithimba lobuchwepheshe laseHongyang laphendula ngesincomo sesilinganiso sokucindezela ngokwezifiso zingakapheli amahora angu-48, kanti idayi entsha ilethwa eHarare zingakapheli amasonto amathathu.
Lokhu akuyona nje indaba yokushintsha imishini. Kuyisibonelo salokho okwenzekayo lapho umenzi wokuphakelayo ebambisana nomhlinzeki ophatha ukusebenza komshini njengobudlelwano bobunjiniyela obuqhubekayo kunokuba kube ukuthengiselana okukodwa. Emakethe lapho iphuzu ngalinye lokuthuthukiswa kwe-FCR lihunyushwa khona ezinkulungwaneni zamaRandi agciniwe, lowo mehluko ubalulekile.
I-SZLH508 manje isisebenze amahora angaphezu kuka-2,000 okukhiqiza esikhungweni saseZimbabwe. Ikhwalithi ye-pellet isalokhu ifana, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kuhlale kuzinzile, futhi ipulazi seliqalile ukuhlela umugqa wesibili wokukhiqiza - ngemishini yaseLiyang Hongyang echazwe kusukela ekuqaleni.
Imithombo yedatha:Umbiko we-USDA Foreign Agricultural Service GAIN (Izinkukhu Nemikhiqizo YaseZimbabwe Yonyaka, 2023); I-ASABE Standard S269.4 (Ukuhlolwa Kwenkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet); I-Feed International / WATT Global Media (ikhwalithi ye-pellet kanye nocwaningo lwe-FCR); Idatha yemakethe ye-Zimbabwe Poultry Association.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-26-2026
