Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Stable Duck Feed Pellet eNdiya: Indlela I-West Bengal Feed Mill Efinyelele Ngayo Ikhwalithi Ehambisanayo Nge-Hongyang Ring Die Pellet Mill

Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Stable Duck Feed Pellet eNdiya: Indlela I-West Bengal Feed Mill Efinyelele Ngayo Ikhwalithi Ehambisanayo Nge-Hongyang Ring Die Pellet Mill

Isifinyezo esiphezulu

Umkhakha wokudla kwezinkukhu eNdiya, onenani lama-INR ayizigidigidi ezingama-955.3 ngo-2024 futhi okhula nge-CAGR engu-3.23% (IMARC Group, 2025), ubulokhu uthuthukiswa ngokushesha. Ngenkathi izingxenye zenyama yenkukhu nezingqimba zibusa engxoxweni kazwelonke, ukulima amadada kumelela indawo ebalulekile kodwa enganakekelwa kahle. I-India iyikhaya lamadada angaba yizigidi ezingama-33, agxile kakhulu eWest Bengal, eKerala, e-Assam nase-Odisha, lapho ukukhulisa amadada kubalulekile khona empilweni yasemakhaya kanye namasiko okudla esifunda.

Ekuqaleni kuka-2025, umkhiqizi wokudla kwamadada ohlanganisiwe osezingeni eliphakathi esifundeni saseNadia eWest Bengal wabambisana neLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. ukuthuthukisa umugqa wayo wokugaya ama-pellet. Lo msebenzi uthembele kumshini wokugaya ama-pellet owenziwe endaweni owawunezinkinga ezingapheli: ubulukhuni be-pellet obungaguquguquki, izinhlawulo eziningi (8-12%), kanye nokufakwa esikhundleni sama-die njalo ngamathani angu-400-500 metric. Ngemva kokufaka umshini wokugaya ama-pellet we-ring die pellet ochungechunge lwe-Hongyang HYPM kanye ne-ring die eyenziwe ngokwezifiso, lesi sikhungo sathola umkhiqizo ozinzile wamathani angu-5 ngehora (TPH), i-pellet durability index (PDI) edlula u-98.5%, kanye nokuphila kwenkonzo ye-ring die edlula amathani angu-3,000 metric nge-die. Lesi sihloko sihlola indlela ubuchwepheshe be-ring die be-Hongyang kanye nokusekelwa kobunjiniyela okwaguqula ngayo ukuzinza kokukhiqiza kanye nekhwalithi yokondla komsebenzi.

Ithuba Lokudla Amadada AseNdiya

I-India ikhiqize amathani ayizigidi ezingama-57.729 okuphakelwa okuhlanganisiwe ngo-2025, okubekwe endaweni yesine emhlabeni jikelele ngokukhuphuka konyaka nonyaka okungu-4.5% (i-Alltech Agri-Food Outlook, 2026). Ingxenye yenkukhu yodwa ibala cishe u-45% wokuthengiswa kokudla okuhlanganisiwe eNdiya, okuqhutshwa imisebenzi yokukhiqiza izinkukhu kanye nokufaka izingqimba (i-Mordor Intelligence, 2025). Imakethe ye-pellet yokudla kwezilwane yaseNdiya ilinganiselwa ku-USD 150 million, ikhula ku-6.8% CAGR, kanti i-ring die pellet mills imele ingxenye evelele ku-USD 600 million emhlabeni jikelele (i-Strategic Revenue Insights, 2025).

Ukulima amadada kuthatha indawo eyingqayizivele kule ndawo. Ngokungafani nokukhiqizwa kwe-broiler kanye nokwendlalela, ukudla kwamadada kudinga izici zokudla okunempilo nezingokwenyama ezihlukile. Izinhlobo zokudla kwamadada zivame ukufaka okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwefayibha okuvela ku-rice bran kanye ne-wheat middlings, amazinga aphakathi kwamaprotheni (16-18% amaprotheni angahluziwe amadada akhulayo), kanye nobubanzi be-pellet obungu-3-5 mm kuye ngobudala bezinyoni. I-West Bengal yodwa ihlanganisa ngaphezu kwama-40% wabantu bamadada baseNdiya, okudala isidingo esijulile samandla okukhiqiza ukudla okukhethekile.

Inselele Yokukhiqiza

Isikhungo saseWest Bengal sinomugqa wokugaya amadada onama-TPH angu-5 okhonza abalimi bamadada abangaba ngu-120 ezifundeni ezintathu. Ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa, lo msebenzi wabhekana nezinselele ezintathu ezixhumene:

Ikhwalithi Ye-Pellet Engaguquguquki. I-ring die ekhona, etholakala kumhlinzeki wasekhaya, ibonise ukuguga okungalingani kwemigodi yokudaya ngemva kwamathani angaba ngu-400 metric of throughput. Lokhu kwaholela ekushintsheni kobubanzi be-pellet okungaphezu kuka-0.5 mm kusukela ekuchazweni okuqondiwe, okuthinta ngqo ukufana kokudla kwezinyoni kuzo zonke izinyoni. Okuqukethwe kwenhlawulo ekudleni okuqediwe kuvame ukudlula u-8%, kanti izilinganiso eziphakeme zifinyelela ku-12% phakathi nezinyanga zemvula ezinomswakama ophezulu - ukwehluleka kwekhwalithi okubalulekile kokudla kwezinyoni zasemanzini, lapho ukuntanta kwe-pellet kanye nokuqina kwamanzi kubalulekile ekuziphatheni kokudla kwedada.

Impilo Yesevisi Yokushisa Okuphansi. Lesi sikhungo sisebenzise ama-ring die angu-8-10 ngonyaka ngezindleko zokushintsha ezimaphakathi ezingaba ngu-INR 85,000 (USD 1,020) nge-die ngayinye. Ukushintsha njalo ama-die kwabangela amahora angu-4-6 okungasebenzi ngomjikelezo ngamunye wokushintsha, okuhumusha cishe amahora angu-40-50 okukhiqiza alahlekile ngonyaka.

Ukusekelwa Kwezobuchwepheshe Okwanele. Lapho kuvela izinkinga zokukhiqiza — ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokulungiswa kwesimo sezulu phakathi kwehlobo kanye nokudla kwemvula — umhlinzeki wangaphambilini akazange anikeze ukwesekwa kokuxilonga okukude noma okusezindaweni. Umphathi wokukhiqiza wefekthri uchaze lesi simo ngokuthi “ukusebenza ungaboni,” ngaphandle kwendlela ehlelekile yokufanisa isilinganiso sokucindezela, ukucushwa kwemigodi yokufa, kanye nezici zezinto zokusetshenziswa.

Isixazululo saseHongyang

Ithimba lobunjiniyela likaHongyang lenze ukuhlolwa okuphelele endaweni ngoNovemba 2024 ngaphambi kokuphakamisa ikhambi. Ukuhlolwa kwahlanganisa ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya zezinto zokusetshenziswa, amaphrofayili ajwayelekile omswakama (12-14% engxubeni yesisekelo sommbila nobhontshisi, ekhuphukela ku-15-16% ngesikhathi semvula), kanye nemingcele yokukhiqiza okuqondiwe.

Ukucushwa kwe-Ring Die

Ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni kokudla kwamadada kwalesi sikhungo — okuhlanganisa u-45% wommbila, u-20% wokudla kwesoya, u-15% we-rice bran, u-10% we-wheat middlings, kanye no-10% we-premix kanye namaminerali, kanye nobubanzi be-pellet obuqondiwe obungu-3.5 mm wamadada akhula esigabeni — uHongyang watusa i-alloy steel ring die ene:

- Isilinganiso sokucindezela esisebenzayo (L/D) esingu-8.5:1, esilinganiswe ngokuqukethwe kwefayibha ephakathi nendawo kanye nokufakwa kwamafutha okulingene (2-3%) okuphawuleka kokudla kwamadada. Onjiniyela baseHongyang bachaze ukuthi ngenkathi ukudla kwama-broiler kuvame ukusebenzisa isilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-7:1 kuya ku-9:1, ukudla kwamadada kuzuza ekugcineni okuphezulu kwalolu hlu ngenxa yengxenye ephezulu yefayibha, edinga ukucindezela okwengeziwe ukuze kufezwe ukubopha okwanele kwama-pellet.
- Ukucushwa kwembobo yokufa okulungiselelwe ukusatshalaliswa kokudla okufanayo ebusweni bedayi, kunciphisa ukuguguleka kwendawo okwakubangele ukwehluleka kwedayi eyandulelayo ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
- Ukwelashwa ngokushisa kwe-vacuum okufinyelela ubulukhuni bomphezulu we-HRC 58-62, okuqinisekisa ukumelana nokuguguleka okufanele indawo yokusebenza yasezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNdiya.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-HYPM Pellet Mill

I-HYPM508 ring die pellet mill ithathe indawo yeyunithi ekhona ngesistimu yokushayela yegiyagiya ehlanganisiwe ngqo enesilinganiso esingu-132 kW. I-conditioner ye-pellet mill — umklamo we-double-shaft onamandla okugcina isikhathi samasekhondi angu-180 — yaklanywa ukuze igcine izinga lokushisa le-mash lingama-80-85°C, okwanele ukuze i-starch gelatinization ingabi yingozi ekuwohlokeni kwamavithamini azwela ukushisa. Ukulungiswa kwe-steam kubalulekile ekudleni kwamadada: i-gelatinization eyanele ithuthukisa ukuzinza kwamanzi e-pellet, ipharamitha ebalulekile ekudleni kwamadada ezindaweni zasemanzini aphakathi nendawo.

Ithimba likaHongyang liphinde lahlinzeka ngamagobolondo amabili ahambisanayo ane-ring die, enziwe ngendlela yokuthi ikwazi ukubekezelelana ngaphakathi kuka-0.05 mm, okuqinisekisa ukusatshalaliswa kwengcindezi okufanayo ebusweni be-die ngesikhathi sokusebenza.

Ukusekelwa Kokufakwa Nokugunyazwa

Unjiniyela wesevisi waseHongyang wachitha izinsuku ezinhlanu endaweni ngoJanuwari 2025 ukuze aqondise ukufakwa, ukuqinisekiswa kokulungiswa, kanye nokuqeqeshwa kwabaqhubi. Iphrothokholi yokuqalisa yayihlanganisa:
- Inqubo yokuphula i-die-in ngengxube yesoya enamafutha amaningi (4%) emahoreni amane okuqala
- Ukulinganiswa kokuqapha kwe-amperage yesikhathi sangempela
- Ukuqeqeshwa kokulungiswa kwegebe le-roller ekuvulekeni okungu-0.2-0.3 mm
- Imibhalo yelogi yokukhiqiza yokulandelela ukuguguleka kwedayi kanye nezitayela ze-PDI

Imiphumela: Ukukhiqizwa Okuzinzile kanye Nekhwalithi Yokuphakela Ephakeme

Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha ukufakwa, idatha yokukhiqiza yesikhungo ikhombisa ukuthuthuka okulinganiselwe kuzo zonke izinkomba zokusebenza ezibalulekile:

| Ipharamitha | Ngaphambi (Ukufa Kwasekhaya) | Ngemva (Ukufa KwaseHongyang) | Ukuthuthukiswa |
|————–|————————-|——————|————-|
| Umphumela Omaphakathi | 3.8-4.2 TPH | 5.0-5.2 TPH | +22% |
| Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | 88-92% | 98.2-98.6% | +8 amaphesenti amaphuzu |
| Okuqukethwe Kwezinhlawulo | 8-12% | 1.2-1.8% | -85% |
| Impilo Yesevisi Ye-Ring Die | 400-500 MT | 3,100 MT nangaphezulu | +540% |
| Izindleko Zokushintsha Idayi/Unyaka | I-INR 765,000 | I-INR 85,000 (ilinganisiwe) | -89% |
| Isikhathi Sokuphumula Sonyaka Esivela Kuzinguquko Zokufa | Amahora angu-40-50 | ~amahora angu-8 (kulinganiselwa) | -82% |

Idatha eqoqwe kusukela kumarekhodi okukhiqiza ka-Ephreli-Meyi 2026. I-PDI ilinganiswe ngokwezinga le-ASAE S269.4.

Umphumela obaluleke kakhulu wokusebenza ube ukuzinza komkhiqizo. Umphathi wokukhiqiza wesikhungo ubike ukuthi: “Ngaphambi kokuthuthukiswa, ushintsho ngalunye lwedayi lwalusho ukulinganisa kabusha izikhala zama-roller, ukulungisa umfutho womusi, nokulahlekelwa yisigamu se-shift ukuze kutholakale ikhwalithi. Ngedayi ye-Hongyang, siyayifaka, silandele inqubo yokungena, bese umshini usebenza ngokwe-spec kusukela ngehora lesithupha kuya phambili. Lokho kubikezela kukodwa kufanelekile ukutshalwa kwezimali.”

Ukuvumelana kwekhwalithi yokudla kuye kwaholela enzuzweni elinganisekayo engezansi. Abalimi abangaphansi kwenkontileka yesitsha babike ukuthi isilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokudla (i-FCR) sithuthukisiwe emihlambini yamadada abo abalimi - kusukela cishe ku-3.2:1 kuya ku-3.0:1 - okubangelwa ukwehla kwezinhlawulo kanye nosayizi we-pellet ofanayo, okunciphisa ukuziphatha kokuhlunga kanye nokuchitheka kokudla ezinhlelweni zokudla ezisekelwe echibini ezivamile ekulimeni kwamadada aseWest Bengal.

Isiphetho

Leli cala libonisa ukuthi ukuhambisana kwekhwalithi ye-pellet ekukhiqizweni kokudla kwedada akuyona nje umsebenzi wokwakheka - kuncike kakhulu kubunjiniyela be-ring die, ukukhethwa kwesilinganiso sokucindezela, kanye nokunemba kwe-interface ye-die-roller. Indlela ehlanganisiwe kaHongyang - ehlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-feedstock endaweni, ukucushwa kwe-die okwenziwe ngokwezifiso, amagobolondo e-roller afanisiwe, kanye nokusekelwa kokugunyazwa - kwenze umshini wokondla amadada waseNdiya osezingeni eliphakathi nendawo ukuthi ususe ingqinamba yawo yokukhiqiza ngenkathi unciphisa izindleko ze-die ngethani cishe ngo-90%.

Kubakhiqizi bokudla abasebenza ezigabeni zezinkukhu ezincane lapho ikhwalithi yomzimba we-pellet ithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwezilwane, isifundo sicacile: ukukhethwa kwe-ring die akuyona isinqumo sokuthengwa kwezimpahla. Kungubambiswano lobunjiniyela olunquma ukuthi umugqa we-pellet usebenza ku-spec noma usebenza kabi njalo.

Izinkomba
- Iqembu le-IMARC. “Usayizi Wemakethe Yokudla Kwezinkukhu zaseNdiya, Ukukhula kanye Nombono Ka-2033.” 2025. https://www.imarcgroup.com/india-poultry-feed-market
- Alltech. “Umbono Wokudla Kwezolimo Ka-2026.” Ephreli 2026. https://www.alltech.com/agri-food-outlook/results
- Ukuqonda Ngenzuzo Eqondisiwe. “Usayizi Wemakethe Yezigayo Zokudla Kwezilwane, Ukukhula Kwesikhathi Esizayo kanye Nesibikezelo sika-2033.” uFebhuwari 2025. https://www.strategicrevenueinsights.com/industry/animal-feed-pellet-mills-market
- Ubuhlakani bukaMordor. “Umbiko Wemakethe Yokudla Okuhlanganisiwe e-India.” 2025. https://www.mordorlabs.com/industry-reports/india-compound-feed-market
- Baidu Baike. “环模压缩比 (Ring Die Compression Ratio).” https://baike.baidu.com/item/环模压缩比/1810146