I-Argentina iyikhaya lomhlaba wonke ekukhiqizweni nasekuthunyelweni kwenyama yonogwaja, ebala cishe u-15% wokuhweba kwenyama yonogwaja emhlabeni wonke ngamanani okuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe afinyelela ku-USD 6,817 ngethani – okuphezulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo zenyama ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ezivela eLatin America. Imboni yokudla kwezilwane yezwe idle amathani ayizigidi ezingu-8.2 ngo-2024, ngokusetshenziswa komuntu ngamunye okungu-174 kg, okubekwe endaweni yesithathu eLatin America ngemuva kweDominican Republic neChile. Ngaphakathi kwale ndlela yokukhiqiza ukudla okuvuthiwe, ukudla konogwaja kuveza izinselele zobuchwepheshe ezihlukile: ama-pellets kumele afinyelele ukuqina okuqondile kwamazinyo onogwaja kanye nempilo yokugaya ukudla, agcine ubuqotho besakhiwo ngesikhathi sokuphatha nokuthuthwa, futhi alethe ukufana kokudla okunempilo okuqhubekayo.
Lolu cwaningo luhlola indlela umshini wokondla onogwaja osezingeni eliphakathi esifundazweni saseCórdoba - indawo yezolimo yase-Argentina - owaguqula ngayo ukuzinza kwawo ekukhiqizweni kwama-pellets ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela ye-die yendandatho yaseHongyang kanye ne-roller shell. Lo mshini wawubhekene nezingqinamba zokukhiqiza okuhlobene ne-die ezabeka engcupheni kokubili umkhiqizo kanye nekhwalithi yama-pellets, wasongela izinkontileka zawo nabakhiqizi bezonogwaja bezentengiselwano abahlinzeka ngemakethe ye-European Union.
Umongo Wemboni Yokudla Konogwaja e-Argentina
Imboni yenyama yonogwaja e-Argentina ikhule kancane kancane eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, iqhutshwa yisidingo esinamandla se-EU kanye nezinzuzo zemvelo zezwe ekwakhiweni kokudla okusekelwe ku-alfalfa. Imakethe yokudla konogwaja emhlabeni wonke yayilinganiselwa ku-USD 249 million ngo-2024, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe esingu-4.97% kuze kube ngu-2035. I-Latin America imele isifunda sokukhula okuphawulekayo kule makethe, lapho i-Argentina ibekwe njengomthengisi wenyama yonogwaja ohamba phambili ezwenikazi.
Ukwakheka kokudla konogwaja kuhluke kakhulu ekudleni kwenkukhu okuvamile noma kokudla kwezingulube. Ngokusho kwe-Textbook of Rabbit Medicine, ama-pellets onogwaja asezingeni eliphezulu kufanele aqukathe i-fiber eluhlaza engaphezu kuka-18%, iphrotheni eluhlaza ephakathi kuka-12% no-16%, okuqukethwe kwamafutha okungu-1-4%, kanye namazinga e-calcium angu-0.6-1.0%. Ukuvezwa ngokomzimba kwama-pellets - ikakhulukazi usayizi, ubulukhuni, kanye nokuqina - kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni konogwaja. Ubulukhuni obukhulu buvimbela ukudla, kuyilapho ubulukhuni obunganele budala izinhlawulo ezingabangela izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nokulahlekelwa ukudla.
Kubakhiqizi bokudla abakhonza uchungechunge lokuphakelwa kokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lwe-EU, inkomba yokuqina kwe-pellet (PDI) akuyona nje i-metric yekhwalithi kodwa iyimfuneko yokuthobela imithetho. Amapulazi onogwaja aqondiswe ekuthunyelweni kwamanye amazwe adinga amanani e-PDI angaphezulu kwama-95% njalo ukuze kuncishiswe izinhlawulo ngesikhathi sokuphathwa ngobuningi futhi kuqinisekiswe ukuthi kudliwa izakhamzimba ezifanayo kuwo wonke amaqembu ezilwane.
Inselele Yekhasimende
I-feed mill eseCórdoba isebenzisa umugqa wokukhiqiza ama-pellet owakhiwe eduze komshini wokunyathelisa ama-pellet okhiqizwa eYurophu ongu-520 mm, okhiqiza cishe amathani angu-3.0 kuya kwangu-3.8 ngehora wama-pellets okuphakela onogwaja ngobubanzi obusukela ku-2.5 mm kuya ku-3.5 mm. Lesi sikhungo sinikeza amapulazi onogwaja ebhizinisi angu-12 kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseCórdoba naseSanta Fe, okhiqiza amathani alinganiselwa ku-8,500 okuphakela onogwaja okuphakelayo minyaka yonke.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2024, ithimba lokukhiqiza lale mboni labona izinkinga ezintathu ngesikhathi esisodwa:
Ukuguquguquka kobulukhuni be-Pellet. Ukukhiqiza okulandelanayo kusetshenziswa indlela efanayo kuveze ukufundwa kobulukhuni okusukela ku-4.2 kuya ku-7.8 kg/cm², ngaphandle kwefasitela eliqondiwe elingu-5.5–6.5 kg/cm². Ukuguquguquka kwaphoqa ukwenqatshwa kokulawulwa kwekhwalithi futhi, ezimweni ezimbili ezibhaliwe, kwaholela ezikhalweni zamakhasimende mayelana nokuncipha kokudla okudliwayo kumayunithi okuqeda.
Ukuguguleka kwedayi okusheshisiwe. Idayi elikhona eliyindandatho, elivela kumkhiqizi wemishini yokuqala ye-pellet press, lidinga ukushintshwa ngemva kwamathani angaba ngu-6,500 okukhishwa - cishe ama-30% ngaphansi kwesikhathi senkonzo esilindelwe samathani angu-9,000-10,000 okusetshenziswa kokudla konogwaja. Ukushintshwa kwedayi ngalinye kubiza cishe ama-USD angu-3,800 ezingxenyeni zodwa, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi sokukhiqiza samahora angu-8-14 ngokushintsha ngakunye.
Ukuguquguquka kwamandla okukhiqiza. Ukuphuma komshini wokugaya ama-pellet kwehla kancane kancane ngaphakathi komjikelezo ngamunye wokuphila komshini. I-die eyayikhiqiza ama-3.5 t/h ekuqaleni ekufakweni yayizokwehla ibe ngama-2.8 t/h zingakapheli amahora angu-1,200 okusebenza, okuphoqa umshini wokugaya ukuthi usebenze amashifu amade ukuze uhlangabezane nezinhlelo zokulethwa. Umphathi wokukhiqiza uthe lokhu kungenxa yokuqina kodonga lwembobo okuqhubekayo kanye nokukhula kobubanzi obuvela ekudleni kwe-alfalfa okukhuhlayo kanye nama-premixes amaminerali ekwakhiweni.
Lezi zinkinga ezintathu zahlangana ukuze kudalwe ukuntuleka kokuthembeka okwasongela ikhono lemboni yokukhiqiza ukukhiqiza ukufeza izibopho zokulethwa ngesikhathi esifanele kumakhasimende ayo amakhulu, iprosesa yonogwaja ehlanganiswe ngokuqondile ethumela izingcezu zonogwaja eziqandisiwe eSpain nase-Italy.
Ukuhlolwa Kobuchwepheshe Nokukhethwa Kwefa
Ithimba lobunjiniyela befektri, ngokubonisana nonjiniyela bezicelo baseHongyang, lenze ukubuyekezwa okuhlelekile kwemingcele yokukhiqiza ama-pelletizing. Ukuhlolwa kugxile ezicini ezine ezibalulekile ze-die:
1. Isilinganiso sokucindezela. Kokudla konogwaja okunokuqukethwe kwefayibha eluhlaza okungu-19-21% kanye namazinga okufakwa kokudla kwe-alfalfa angu-25-30%, isilinganiso sokucindezela esifanele satholakala ukuthi singu-1:9 kuya ku-1:11. Izilinganiso eziphansi zakhiqiza ama-pellets anobunzima obanele; izilinganiso eziphakeme zandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuguguleka kokufa ngaphandle kokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi okuhambisanayo.
2. Ububanzi bembobo kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwayo. Imishini yokugaya edingekayo iyafa ngobubanzi bembobo obungu-2.5 mm kanye no-3.0 mm, efanelekile kuma-compositions onogwaja abakhulisayo kanye nabaqeda ngokulandelana. Iphethini yokusatshalaliswa kwembobo ithinta kokubili ukugeleza kwayo kanye nokufana kwe-pellet - ipharamitha evame ukunganakwa ekuthengweni kwe-die ngemuva kwemakethe.
3. Ukwelashwa kwezinto nokushisa. Ama-dies endandatho yaseHongyang akhiqizwa ngensimbi ye-chromium-alloy (elingana nebanga lesiShayina elingu-4Cr13), kanye nokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-vacuum okunikeza ubulukhuni bomphezulu be-HRC 52–56 kanye nokujula kwecala okungu-0.8–1.2 mm. Ukwakheka kwezinto kufana nensimbi yedayi ecacisiwe yaseYurophu, futhi wonke amaqoqo ezinto zokusetshenziswa ahlolwa nge-spectrographic ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa.
4. Ikhwalithi yokuqeda imigodi. I-Hongyang isebenzisa imishini yokubhoboza izibhamu ze-CNC ezenzakalelayo enezingcezu zokubhoboza ezingeniswe eJalimane, ifinyelela ubulukhuni bomphezulu wemigodi obungu-Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. Le khwalithi yokuqeda inciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula (esicashunwe cishe emahoreni ama-2 ukuze kukhiqizwe ngokugcwele), inciphisa ukushisa okubangelwa ukungqubuzana ngesikhathi sokwakheka kwe-pellet, futhi inegalelo ekwandiseni impilo yenkonzo.
Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinhlaka, iHongyang inikeze idayisi yendandatho yangaphandle engu-520 mm enobubanzi bembobo engu-3.0 mm, ububanzi bokusebenza obusebenzayo obungu-178 mm, kanye nesilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-1:10, esihlanganiswe ne-roller shell assembly ehambisanayo.
Imiphumela Yokuqaliswa Nokukhiqiza
I-ring die kanye ne-roller shell kwafakwa ngesikhathi sefasitela lokulungisa elalihleliwe ngoSepthemba 2024. Ithimba lobuchwepheshe laseHongyang linikeze isiqondiso esisizwa yividiyo esikude senqubo yokufaka, okuhlanganisa nokuqinisekiswa kokulungiswa kwegebe le-roller-die (kusethwe ku-0.10–0.15 mm ngokwesincomo sikaHongyang sokudla konogwaja) kanye nenqubo ehlelekile yokungena.
Iphrothokholi yokungena ichaze isigaba sokulungisa semizuzu engu-45 kusetshenziswa ingxube yokudla okusanhlamvu kawoyela kanye ne-bran kakolweni ku-60% womthwalo wemoto olinganisiwe, kulandelwe ukwethulwa kancane kancane kwefomula yokukhiqiza emizuzwini engu-75 eyalandela. Le ndlela iqinisekise ukulungiswa okufanayo kodonga lwembobo ngaphambi kokusebenza komthwalo ogcwele.
Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokusebenza okuqhubekayo (cishe amathani angu-4,200 omkhiqizo oqongelelekayo), ithimba lokukhiqiza libhale phansi imiphumela elandelayo:
I-Performance Metric | I-Die Yangaphambilini (i-OEM) | I-Hongyang Ring Die | Ukuthuthukiswa
Umthamo ozinzile | 3.0–3.5 t/h (okuguquguqukayo) | 3.5 t/h (okungaguquguquki) | Ukuzinza komthamo
Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | isilinganiso esingu-91.4% | isilinganiso esingu-96.2% | +4.8 amaphesenti amaphuzu
Ububanzi bobulukhuni be-Pellet | 4.2–7.8 kg/cm² | 5.4–6.3 kg/cm² | Ukuguquguquka kwehliswe ngo-72%
Okuqukethwe kwenhlawulo (<1 mm) | 4.8% | 1.9% | Kwehliswe ngo-60%
Ukuguga kwama-die kungamathani angu-4,200 | Cishe 0.28 mm (okulindelwe) | 0.12 mm (okulinganisiwe) | Ukwehla kwezinga lokuguga ~57%
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla | 14.2 kWh/t | 13.1 kWh/t | Ukwehla ngo-7.7%
Isikhathi sokukhipha umkhiqizo ophelele | Amahora angu-6-8 | Amahora angu-2.5 | Ukwehliswa okungu-65%
Intuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu kwezentengiselwano yayikukungaguquguquki kokukhiqiza. I-die yangaphambilini ibonise ukubola kokuphuma kwe-throughput okungaba ngu-0.12 t/h ngamahora okusebenza angu-500; i-die yaseHongyang igcine ukudlula kokuphuma kwe-3.5 t/h ngaphandle kokonakala okulinganiselwe ngamathani angu-4,200. Lokhu kwasusa isidingo sokushintshana kwesikhathi esengeziwe sokubuyisela futhi kwabuyisela ukuthembeka kwesheduli yokulethwa.
Umthelela Wekhwalithi Kumakhasimende Asezansi
Ukuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yama-pellet kuhunyushwe ngqo ezilinganisweni zokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende. Ikhasimende elikhulu kunawo wonke kulesi sitsha - elisebenzisa ukufuya okungu-48,000 ezindaweni eziyisithupha zokukhiqiza - libike ukwehla okulinganiselwe kokulahlwa kokudla. Njengoba okuqukethwe kwezinhlawulo kwehla kusuka ku-4.8% kuya ku-1.9%, izinga lokusetshenziswa kokudla okuphumelelayo lithuthuke cishe ngamaphesenti angu-2.9. Ekusetshenzisweni kokudla kwaminyaka yonke kwamathani angu-4,200 kuleli khasimende kuphela, ukwehla kwezinhlawulo kufana namathani angaba ngu-122 ezinto zokudla ezilahliwe ngaphambilini, ezilinganiselwa cishe ku-USD 42,000 ngamanani okuphakelwa ase-Argentina akhona.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ububanzi bobulukhuni obuqinile buqede ukuncipha kokudla okungahleliwe okwabonakala lapho ubulukhuni be-pellet budlula u-7.0 kg/cm². Ucwaningo lokudla konogwaja lubonisa ukuthi ama-pellet aqinile kakhulu andisa isikhathi sokuhlafuna futhi anciphisa ukudla kwansuku zonke ngo-3-5%, okuthinta ngqo amazinga okukhula ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezentengiselwano.
Ubukhulu Besevisi yaseHongyang
Ngale kokusebenza kobuchwepheshe kwe-ring die ngokwayo, umphathi wokusebenza wefekthri ugcizelele izici ezimbili zenkonzo kaHongyang ezahlukanisa ukubandakanyeka kobudlelwano babahlinzeki bangaphambilini.
Okokuqala, ukuqinisekiswa kwekhwalithi yokuthunyelwa kwe-Hongyang kwangaphambi kokuthunyelwa kwakuhlanganisa ividiyo yokubonisa inqubo yokuhlola idayisi, okubonisa imiphumela yokuhlolwa kobulukhuni ezindaweni zokulinganisa eziyi-12 ebusweni bedayi kanye nomfanekiso we-scope wezimbobo ezimele. Lokhu kucaca - okungajwayelekile phakathi kwabahlinzeki bedayi ngemuva kwemakethe - kwanika ithimba lobunjiniyela befektri ukuzethemba ngomkhiqizo ngaphambi kokuba ufike e-Argentina.
Okwesibili, uHongyang wagcina ukuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi nenyanga yokuqala yokusebenza, ecela idatha yokukhiqiza yamasonto onke ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idayisi lisebenza ngokwezidingo. Lapho umshini wokugaya ubika ukuthi i-motor current iphakeme kancane phakathi namahora okuqala angu-36 okusebenza, onjiniyela baseHongyang basheshe babona imbangela njengegebe elikhulu le-roller-die futhi baqondisa ukulungiswa kude, bevimbela ukuguguleka kwedayi okungadingekile.
Isiphetho
Icala lomshini wokugaya ukudla konogwaja eCórdoba libonisa ukuthi ukukhethwa kwe-ring die kuyisinqumo sobunjiniyela esibalulekile esinomthelela oqondile kwezomnotho wokukhiqiza, ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo, kanye nobudlelwano namakhasimende. Ngokushintsha kusuka ku-die enikezwa yi-OEM kuya ku-Hongyang ring die enegobolondo elihambisanayo, umshini wafinyelela ukuzinza komthamo wokukhiqiza ku-3.5 t/h, waphakamisa inkomba yokuqina kwe-pellet kusuka ku-91.4% kuya ku-96.2%, futhi wehlisa izikhalazo zamakhasimende ezihlobene nekhwalithi zaya ku-zero esikhathini sezinyanga eziyisithupha.
Kumafektri okuphakelayo asebenza ezigabeni ezikhethekile njengokudla konogwaja – lapho imininingwane yomzimba ye-pellet ixhumene kakhulu nokusebenza kwezilwane kanye nokuhambisana nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe – ukukhethwa komhlinzeki we-die onolwazi olubonisiwe ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi ye-chromium, ukubhoboza izibhamu ngokunemba, kanye nokwenza ngcono isilinganiso sokucindezela kwesicelo esithile akuyona isinqumo sokuthengwa kwezimpahla kodwa ukutshalwa kwezimali okunesu ekuthembekeni kokukhiqiza.
I-Hongyang Feed Machinery, eyasungulwa ngo-2006 eLiyang, eShayina, iyaqhubeka nokuphakela izimayini zokudla emazweni angaphezu kuka-30 ngezinsimbi zokubopha izinsimbi, amagobolondo e-roller, kanye nezingxenye ze-pellet mill ezenziwe ngezindinganiso zekhwalithi zomhlaba wonke.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-02-2026
