Isifinyezo esiphezulu
IBrazil yaqeda u-2025 ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-89.9 okukhiqizwa kokudla okuphelele, okuhlanganisa isikhundla sayo njengomkhiqizi wesithathu ngobukhulu emhlabeni ngemuva kweChina ne-United States kuphela. Ngaphakathi kwalesi simo, ingxenye yezinkomo zenyama yenkomo yagqama ngokwanda kwenani lokuphakelayo okungu-7% unyaka nonyaka, kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-7.73 - izinga lokukhula eliqine kakhulu phakathi kwazo zonke izigaba zemfuyo. Ukuqhuba lokhu kwanda kuwushintsho oluhlelekile oluya ezinhlelweni zokuqeda eziqinile: Inani lezinkomo zaseBrazil ezifuywayo ladlula izinhloko eziyizigidi ezingu-9.25 ngo-2025, ukwanda okungu-16% kusukela ngonyaka odlule.
E-Mato Grosso do Sul — esinye sezifundazwe ezinhlanu eziphezulu zaseBrazil ezinezinkomo ezivalelwe ezingu-900,000 kanye nokukhula okungu-17.8% unyaka nonyaka — umsebenzi wenyama yenkomo ophakathi nendawo ubhekane nobunzima obukhulu bokukhiqiza. Lolu cwaningo luqopha indlela ipulazi elibambisene ngayo neLiyang Hongyang Feed Machinery Co., Ltd. (Hongyang) ukuze kusetshenziswe umshini wokugaya i-SZLH508 ring die pellet kanye nemishini yokusekela, okuguqula amandla ayo okukhiqiza ukudla kanye nekhwalithi yama-pellet.
Isizinda Samakhasimende
I-Agropecuária Campo Verde, etholakala eduze kwaseDourados eningizimu yeMato Grosso do Sul, isebenzisa uhlelo lokukhiqiza inyama yenkomo oluhlanganiswe ngokuqondile oluhlanganisa amahektha angu-3,200 omhlaba wezitshalo kanye nomthamo wonyaka wokuqeda ongu-17,000. Leli pulazi likhiqiza i-silage yalo yommbila futhi lithola i-DDGS (okusanhlamvu okomisiwe okunezinhlayiya ezincibilikayo) esitshalweni esiseduze se-ethanol - imodeli yokuhlanganisa izitshalo nemfuyo ekhule kusukela ku-40% kuya ku-71.8% phakathi kwezindawo zokudla zaseBrazil kusukela ngo-2020.
Maphakathi no-2024, inani lokudla okuqediwe kwansuku zonke epulazini lase lifinyelele cishe amathani ayi-7, kodwa umshini walo wokugaya ama-pellet osukhulile - iyunithi ekhiqizwe ekhaya esebenze iminyaka engaphezu kweyisithupha - wawulwela ukugcina ukuhambisana. Ukufakwa kabusha kwe-ring die okuphoqelelwe njalo ezinyangeni ezingu-8-9, isikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe sasingamahora ayi-14 ngenyanga, kanye ne-pellet durability index (PDI) yehla phakathi kuka-86% no-89%, ngaphansi kakhulu komkhawulo ongu-93% isazi sokudla esiwubheka njengongcono kakhulu ekunciphiseni imfucuza yokudla kanye nokwandisa inzuzo yansuku zonke evamile.
Izinselele Zokukhiqiza
Izinkinga ezintathu zachaza inkinga yokusebenza:
1. Ikhwalithi yama-pellet engaguquki. I-ring die ye-old mill egugile ikhiqize ama-pellet anobunzima nobude obuguquguqukayo, okubangela amazinga okukhiqiza izinhlawulo angu-8-11%. Ekudleni kwe-feedlot yaseBrazil — ngokuvamile ama-70-80% agxila ku-corn silage njenge-roughage — izinhlawulo eziningi zinciphisa ukufana kokudla futhi zinciphise ukunemba kwezabelo ezixubile.
2. Ukushintshaniswa njalo kwe-ring die. Ngezikhawu zenkonzo ye-ring die yezinyanga ezingu-8-9, ipulazi lilahlekelwe yizinsuku zokukhiqiza ezingu-3-4 ngokushintsha ngakunye, kanye nezindleko ze-die uqobo. Ku-R$12.70 ngekhanda ngosuku ezindleko zokudla kokuqeda kanye ne-head head engu-17,000 ejikeleza endaweni yokudla minyaka yonke, usuku ngalunye lokuphumula lumele cishe u-R$13,500 ekudleni okwakudingeka kutholakale ngaphandle.
3. Umkhawulo womthamo. Umthamo osebenzayo womshini okhona ongu-5.5 t/h awukwazanga ukwamukela ukwanda okuhleliwe kwepulazi kube yi-20,000 head ngo-2026 - indlela ehambisana nemakethe ebanzi ye-feedlot yaseMato Grosso do Sul, lapho abaqhubi abangu-78.8% behlela ukwandisa inani elikhulu lokuqeda.
Ukukhethwa Kwemishini Nesixazululo
Ngemva kokuhlola abahlinzeki abathathu — umkhiqizi oyedwa waseBrazil kanye nabathumeli ababili baseShayina — abaphathi beCampo Verde bakhethe umshini we-SZLH508 ring die pellet waseHongyang njengomgogodla womugqa omusha wokuqeda. Lesi sinqumo sasekelwe yizici ezintathu:
Ubunjiniyela be-ring die. I-SZLH508 isebenzisa i-ring die yangaphakathi engu-508mm ububanzi eyenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-4Cr13 enezimbobo ezibhobozwe ngezibhamu, inqubo eqinisekisa ububanzi bembobo obufanayo kanye nokuphela kodonga lwangaphakathi olubushelelezi. Lokhu kuthinta ngqo ukuqina kokucindezela kwe-pellet kanye nesilinganiso sokuguguleka kwe-die. I-Hongyang inikeze imininingwane eningiliziwe ye-metallurgical kanye nemibiko yokuhlola ubulukhuni benkampani yangaphandle (i-HRC 52-55 endaweni yokusebenza ye-die) ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-oda - izinga lemibhalo ipulazi elingayitholanga kwabanye abaphakeli.
Ububanzi bokudluliswa kwegesi obuqinisekisiwe. I-SZLH-508 ilinganiselwe amathani angu-5-20 ngehora kuye ngokucushwa kanye nokwakheka kwedayi. Nge-pellet yokuqeda izinkomo engu-6mm yaseCampo Verde, ithimba lobunjiniyela laseHongyang libale ukudluliswa okulindelekile okungu-8-10 t/h ngesilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-1:8.5, okushiya indawo yokukhulisa amakhanda angu-20,000.
Ukuhambisana okuphelele komugqa. Ngale komshini wokugaya ama-pellet, i-Hongyang inikeze umshini wokupholisa ohambisanayo (SKLN-4), umshini wokuhlola ojikelezayo (SFJH-120), kanye namasethi amabili ama-spare ring dies nama-roller shells - okuvumela ipulazi ukuthi lilinganisele kumhlinzeki oyedwa wesigaba sokugaya ama-pellet futhi ligweme izinkinga zokuhambisana komkhiqizo ohlukahlukene.
Ukucushwa komugqa ogcwele kufakiwe:
| Imishini | Imodeli | Umsebenzi |
|———–|——-|———-|
| Umshini wokugaya i-pellet ye-ring die | SZLH-508 (132 kW) | Ukugaya i-pellet okuyinhloko |
| I-counterflow cooler | SKLN-4 | Ukupholisa kwe-post-pellet |
| Isihlungi se-Rotary | SFJH-120 | Ukususwa kwezinhlawulo |
| Idayi yendandatho (esele) | 508mm, izimbobo ezingu-6mm, CR 1:8.5 | Ukukhiqizwa kwesipele |
| Igobolondo le-roller (elisele) | Ububanzi obungu-216mm, 40CrMnTi | Izingxenye zokugqoka eziyisipele |
Ukufakwa Nokugunyazwa
UHongyang wathumela ithimba lobunjiniyela labantu ababili eDourados ukuze liyoqapha ukufakwa nokuqaliswa kokusebenza endaweni. Inqubo yathatha izinsuku eziyi-11 kusukela ekuqalisweni komkhiqizo kuya ekuqalisweni kokuqala kokukhiqiza — izinsuku ezintathu ngokushesha kunesilinganiso sokuqala sepulazi sezinsuku eziyi-14. Okuphawuliwe okubalulekile okuvela embikweni wokuqaliswa kokusebenza:
- Injini eyinhloko (132 kW, uhlobo lwe-WEG ngokwentando yepulazi ngokusebenza kahle kwendawo) yayilinganiswe ibe ngaphakathi kuka-0.05mm ekuhlanganisweni, idlula ukubekezelelana kwefektri okungu-0.08mm.
- Amapharamitha okulungisa umusi alinganiswe ku-0.3-0.4 MPa kanye nokushisa kokusebenza okungu-80-85 degrees Celsius — indawo enhle yokwenza izingxube ze-concentrate ezisekelwe kummbila zibe yi-gelatin ngaphandle kokonakalisa iphrotheni ye-bypass engxenyeni ye-DDGS.
- I-PDI yokuqala ihlolwe ku-94.2% kusetshenziswa indlela ye-ASAE S269.4 yokuwa, yadlula ngokushesha umgomo ongu-93%.
Phakathi nesikhathi sokusebenza, onjiniyela baseHongyang baqhuba izikhathi zokuqeqesha nsuku zonke nabasebenzi bepulazi abathathu, behlanganisa izinqubo zokugqekeza, ukulungiswa kwegebe lama-roller (ukubekezelelana kwe-0.1-0.3mm), ukuqapha ikhwalithi yomusi, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuguguleka okubikezelayo kusetshenziswa i-bore gauge.
Imiphumela Yokusebenza (Agasti 2024 - Okwamanje)
Ngemva kwezinyanga ezingu-18 zokusebenza okuqhubekayo — cishe amahora okusebenza angu-4,800 ecubungula amathani alinganiselwa ku-38,000 ezinkomo eziqeda ukudla — i-SZLH-508 ilethe imiphumela eqinise kakhulu umnotho wokukhiqiza weCampo Verde:
| Isilinganiso | Ngaphambi Kokuthuthukiswa | Ngemva Kokuthuthukiswa | Ukuthuthukiswa |
|——–|————-|————–|————-|
| Umphumela ophumelelayo | 5.5 t/h | 8.5 t/h | +54.5% |
| Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | 86-89% | 94-95% | +6-8 amaphuzu |
| Izinga lokukhiqiza izinhlawulo | 8-11% | 3-4% | -60% |
| Impilo yesevisi ye-ring die | Izinyanga ezingu-8-9 | Izinyanga ezingu-18+ (kuyaqhubeka) | +100% |
| Isikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe sanyanga zonke | amahora angu-14 | amahora angu-2.5 | -82% |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngethani | 22.4 kWh/t | 18.1 kWh/t | -19.2% |
I-ring die yokuqala isasebenza ezinyangeni ezingu-18, ukusebenza umphathi wokukhiqiza wepulazi athi kubangelwa ukunemba kokubhoboza izibhamu kukaHongyang kanye nenqubo yokubhoboza i-die ehlelekile efundiswe ngesikhathi sokusebenza. "Silandele inqubo yokubhoboza ngqo - ukuhambisa ukudla okunamafutha ngomthwalo oncishisiwe emahoreni okuqala angu-8 - futhi indawo yokubhoboza ikhombisa ukuguguleka okuncane kuphela. Silindele okungenani ezinye izinyanga ezingu-6 ngaphambi kokushintshwa," esho ekubuyekezweni okulandelayo.
Ukwehla okungu-19.2% kokusetshenziswa kwamandla ngethani — kusuka ku-22.4 kuya ku-18.1 kWh — kuchaza cishe u-R$38,000 ekongeni ugesi minyaka yonke ngamanani ezimboni zasendaweni, okuyisibalo esihlanganisa ingxenye ebalulekile yezindleko eziphelele zobunikazi bemishini esikhathini sokuphila kwayo okulindelekile.
Umbono Wamakhasimende
ULucas Marques, umqondisi wemisebenzi eCampo Verde, ufingqe ulwazi:
“Ekuqaleni sasiqaphele ngokuthola imishini kumkhiqizi waseShayina esasingakaze sisebenze naye ngaphambili. Okwasiqinisekisa ukuthi izinto azibonakali kahle — iHongyang yabelana ngezitifiketi zezinto eziphelele, yanikeza izinkomba ezivela kumakhasimende aseLatin America akhona, futhi onjiniyela bayo bachitha izinsuku ezintathu besebenzisa izingcingo zevidiyo ngaphambi kokuba kufakwe i-oda, behamba yonke imininingwane kusukela ezidingweni zesisekelo kuya kosayizi wamapayipi anomusi. Lapho imishini ifika, yafanelana kahle nemininingwane. Ezinyangeni ezingu-18, sibe nezingcingo ezimbili zesevisi — zombili zixazululwe zingakapheli amahora angu-48 ngesiqondiso esikude. Kumqhubi we-feedlot lapho imingcele incike ekusebenzeni kahle kokuphakelwa, ukuhambisana kwe-PDI okungu-94%+ yisilinganiso esibaluleke kakhulu.”
Isiphetho
Okuhlangenwe nakho kukaCampo Verde kubonisa ukuguquguquka okubanzi emkhakheni wezindawo zokudla zenyama yenkomo eBrazil. Njengoba inani lezinkomo ezivalelwe likhula - lisuka ezigidini ezingu-8 ngo-2024 laya ezigidini ezingu-9.25 ngo-2025 - futhi izinzuzo ziqina ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwezindleko zokufaka, abaqhubi bezindawo zokudla bahlola kabanzi zonke izixhumanisi ezikuchungechungeni lwabo lokukhiqiza. Ikhwalithi ye-pellet ayiyona i-abstract metric; ilawula ngqo ukufana kokudla, ukuqina kokukhula kwesisindo, kanye nokusebenza kahle kwezomnotho kwemijikelezo yokuqeda.
Indlela kaHongyang — ehlanganisa imininingwane yobunjiniyela ebhalwe phansi, ukuqaliswa kokusebenza endaweni nokuqeqeshwa kwabaqhubi, kanye nokusekelwa kwabasebenzi ngemuva kokuthengisa — ibhekana nokukhathazeka okusebenzayo kwabasebenzi bezindawo zokudla abangakwazi ukuphatha imishini ebalulekile njengokuthengwa kwempahla. Ku-Campo Verde, i-SZLH508 ibonakale iyisisekelo esithembekile sokwanda kwayo kusuka kubaphathi abangu-17,000 kuya kwabangu-20,000, kanye nenhloko yokusekela ukukhula okuqhubekayo njengoba umkhakha wenyama yenkomo waseBrazil uqhubeka noshintsho lwawo lwesakhiwo oluya ekuqedeni okujulile.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-28-2026
