Isifinyezo esiphezulu
Kwikota yokuqala ka-2025, umkhiqizi wokudla kwezingulube osezingeni eliphakathi esifundazweni saseDong Nai, eningizimu yeVietnam, wagunyaza umugqa omusha wokukhiqiza wamathani ayi-10 ngehora owakhiwe eduze kwe-Hongyang Feed Machinery SFSP-series hammer mill, i-SLHSJ-series double-shaft paddle mixer, kanye ne-SZLH(HYPM)-series ring die pellet mill. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokusebenza, lesi sikhungo sibika i-mixing uniformity coefficient of variation (CV) engu-5.8%, i-pellet durability index (PDI) engu-96.2%, kanye nokuqina kwe-throughput ngaphakathi kuka-3% we-rated capacity. Lesi sihloko sihlola ukuthi ukukhethwa kwemishini kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwenqubo kubhekane kanjani nezinselele zokuvumelana kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizi zesikhathi eside.
Umongo Wemboni: I-Vietnam Enweba Imakethe Yokudla Kwezingulube
Umkhiqizo wokudla kwezilwane ezimbonini zaseVietnam ufinyelele kumathani ayizigidi ezingama-21.5 ngo-2024, okhule ngo-3.4% unyaka nonyaka. Ukudla kwengulube kwaba ngu-55.3% walesi sisamba, cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-11.9, okwenza kwaba yingxenye evelele embonini yokudla yezwe. Ukukhiqizwa kwengulube kukhuphuke kwaya kumathani ayizigidi eziyi-5.16, okwenyuke ngo-6.6% kusukela ngo-2023, okuqhutshwa yizinkampani ezinkulu ezihlanganisa kanye nabakhiqizi abazimele abakhulisa umhlambi.
Lokhu kukhula kuye kwaqinisa ukuncintisana phakathi kwabakhiqizi bokudla. Abakhiqizi ababencintisana ngentengo yodwa manje babhekene nezidingo ezivela kubalimi bezingulube zekhwalithi eqhubekayo yama-pellet, izinhlawulo ezincane, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezakhamzimba okufanayo. Izici ezithinta ngqo izilinganiso zokuguqulwa kokudla (i-FCR) kanye nenzuzo.
Inselele Yamakhasimende
Umkhiqizi we-Dong Nai, obesebenza iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi, ngaphambilini wayethembele emugqeni wokukhiqiza ogugile ohlanganiswe ngemishini eminingi esetshenzisiwe. Izinkinga ezintathu zekhwalithi eziqhubekayo zase zilimaza kakhulu kwezentengiselwano:
Ukufana kokuxuba okungaguquki. Ukuhlolwa kwe-salt-tracer okwenziwe yilabhorethri yangaphandle ngo-2024 kwalinganisa i-CV engu-12.3%, kudlula kokubili izinga likazwelonke laseVietnam (i-TCN 10300:2014, elibeka i-CV ephezulu engu-10% yokudla okuhlanganisiwe) kanye nezinga laseShayina elibhekiswa kabanzi i-GB/T 5916-2008 (i-CV engaphansi noma elingana no-7%). Amanani aphezulu e-CV asho ukuthi izingulube zithole izilinganiso zezakhamzimba ezingaguquki, okwaholela emazingeni okukhula angalingani ngaphakathi kwamaqoqo. Amarekhodi omkhiqizi abonise ukuhlukahluka okungu-6.2% ekuqedeni isisindo phakathi kwezingulube eziphakelwa ngendlela efanayo.
Ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiya okungazinzile. I-hammer mill ekhona ikhiqize ububanzi bosayizi wezinhlayiya (ama-micrometer angu-350 kuya kwangu-950 esikrinini esingu-3.0 mm) sokudla kwabalimi nabaqedi. Ucwaningo lubonisa njalo ukuthi ubukhulu bezinhlayiya obuhle kakhulu bezingulube zabalimi buphakathi kwama-micrometer angu-500 kuya kwangu-600, kanti ukuphambuka kunciphisa ukugayeka kokudla. I-hammer egqoke izando nezikrini kudale izinhlawulo eziningi ngaphansi kwama-micrometer angu-250, okwandise ukumosheka kokudla futhi kwafaka isandla engcupheni yezilonda zesisu ezingulubeni eziqediwe.
Ukuguquguquka kokuqina kwama-pellet. Izilinganiso ze-PDI zishintshe phakathi kuka-84% no-91% kuwo wonke amaqoqo okukhiqiza. I-PDI ephansi ihunyushwe ngqo ekukhiqizweni kwezinhlawulo ngesikhathi sokuthuthwa nokondliwa, kunciphisa ukudla kwangempela kanye nokwandisa izindleko zokudla ngekhilogremu ngayinye yokuzuza isisindo okuphilayo.
Ukukhethwa Kwemishini Nezizathu Zobuchwepheshe
Umkhiqizi uhlole imishini evela kubahlinzeki abathathu: oyedwa waseYurophu, oyedwa waseNdiya, kanye noMshini Wokuphakelwa waseHongyang ovela eLiyang, eShayina. Ngemva kokuvakashela ubuchwepheshe esikhungweni sokukhiqiza saseHongyang ngo-Ephreli 2024 kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinkomba namakhasimende amabili akhona eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia, umkhiqizi wakhetha ikhambi elihlanganisiwe laseHongyang.
Ukucushwa okukhethiwe:
| Imishini | Imodeli | Ipharamitha Eyinhloko | Umsebenzi |
|---|---|---|---|
| Isigayo seHammer | I-SFSP 138x50E | Injini engu-160 kW, isivinini sokuzungeza esingu-3,000 rpm | Ukugaya okuyinhloko kuya kusayizi wezinhlayiya eziqondiwe |
| Isixubi Sephedi Esinemiphini Emibili | I-SLHSJ 2.0 | 2,000 kg/iqoqo, i-CV engaphansi noma elingana nencazelo yomklamo engu-5% | Ukuhlanganiswa okufanayo kwezithako ezigayiwe nezithako ezincane |
| Umshini Wokugaya I-Ring Die Pellet | I-SZLH 508 | Injini eyinhloko engu-160 kW, ububanzi bangaphakathi be-ring die 508 mm | Ukuhlanza ngesilinganiso sokucindezela esilawulwayo |
| Isipholile Esiphambene Nokugeleza | I-SKLN 24×24 | Igumbi elingamamitha-cubic angu-24, umklamo womoya ohambisanayo | Ukupholisa ngemva kokuqhuma kwebhodwe kuya ekushiseni okujwayelekile kanye nama-degree Celsius angu-3 |
I-SFSP hammer mill yakhiwe ngesikrini esingu-3.0 mm kanye ne-tungsten-carbide-coated hammers, ihlose ubukhulu bezinhlayiya eziphakathi kwe-geometric (dgw) zama-micrometer angu-550 kuya ku-600 nge-geometric standard deviation (sgw) engaphansi noma elingana no-2.0. I-SLHSJ double-shaft paddle mixer yakhethwa ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo kwe-CV okuqinisekisiwe: Iphrothokholi yokuhlola ukwamukelwa kwefektri yaseHongyang idinga i-CV engaphansi noma elingana no-5% ekuhlolweni kwe-salt-tracer kumthamo ogcwele we-batch, imininingwane eqinisekiswe yithimba lobuchwepheshe lomkhiqizi ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
Idatha Yokukhiqiza: Ukubuyekezwa Kokusebenza Kwezinyanga Eziyisithupha
Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha zokusebenza okuqhubekayo (ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni 2025), ilebhu yokulawula ikhwalithi yomkhiqizi ibhale imiphumela elandelayo:
| I-Metric | Ngaphambi Kokuthuthukiswa (Isilinganiso sika-2024) | Ngemuva Kokuthuthukiswa (2025 Q1 kuya ku-Q2) | Ukuthuthukiswa |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ukuxuba i-CV Yobunye | 12.3% | 5.8% | -6.5 amaphesenti amaphuzu |
| Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | 87.5% (ububanzi: 84 kuya ku-91%) | 96.2% (ububanzi: 95.1 kuya ku-97.0%) | +8.7 amaphesenti amaphuzu |
| Usayizi wezinhlayiyana dgw (ukudla kwabalimi) | Ama-micrometer angu-720 (sgw 2.8) | Ama-micrometer angu-570 (sgw 1.9) | Ukusatshalaliswa okuqinile kwama-micrometer angu-150 |
| Ukuzinza Kokuphuma Komkhiqizo | kanye nokususa u-12% wesilinganiso | kanye nokususa okungu-3% kokukalwe | Ukuthuthukiswa okuphindwe kane |
| Izinhlawulo kuMkhiqizo Ofakwe Emasakeni | 4.8% | 1.5% | -3.3 amaphesenti amaphuzu |
Intuthuko ebaluleke kakhulu kwezentengiselwano yayikukuxuba ukufana. Ku-CV 5.8%, umkhiqizi manje usebenza kahle ngaphakathi komkhawulo ongu-7% obekwe yi-GB/T 5916-2008. Amasampula okuphakelwa athathwe esiteshini sokufaka izikhwama abonisa njalo ukusatshalaliswa kwezakhamzimba okufanayo, kanti izivivinyo zasepulazini zomkhiqizi, ezenziwa ezingulubeni eziyi-120 zabalimi ezinsukwini ezingu-45, ziqophe ukuthuthuka okungu-4.7% ekuzuzeni kwansuku zonke okumaphakathi kanye nokwehla okungu-3.2% ku-FCR uma kuqhathaniswa nezingulube eziphakelwa umkhiqizo wangaphambi kokuthuthukiswa.
Ukuqina kwama-pellet kuthuthuke kakhulu ngenxa yezici ezimbili. Okokuqala, usayizi wezinhlayiya ohambisanayo ovela kumshini wokugaya i-SFSP hammer waqinisekisa ukungena okufanayo komusi ngesikhathi sokulungisa. Okwesibili, isilinganiso se-SZLH（HYPM) 508 ring die-compression salinganiswa ngqo ukuze kusetshenziswe ukwakheka okusekelwe kukudla kommbila nobhontshisi ngemuva kokuba onjiniyela bezicelo baseHongyang behlaziye amasampula ezinto zokusetshenziswa elabhorethri yabo yangaphakathi. Isilinganiso sokucindezela esithuthukisiwe esingu-1 kuya ku-10, sihlanganiswe nokushisa kokulungisa okungu-85 degrees Celsius kumswakama ongu-16.5%, sakhiqiza ama-pellet amelana nokuhanjiswa kwe-pneumatic kanye nokugoqwa ngokuncipha okuncane.
Ubukhulu Besevisi
Inkontileka yayihlanganisa isikhathi sokusebenza sezinsuku eziyi-10, lapho onjiniyela ababili bezinsizakalo baseHongyang basebenza khona kanye nethimba lokulungisa abakhiqizi. Balinganise igebe lesikrini se-hammer mill (lisethwe ku-6.5 mm ngemuva kokuhlola ubukhulu begebe kusukela ku-4.0 kuya ku-8.0 mm), izinga lokugcwalisa i-mixer elilungisiwe kahle laya ku-72% wevolumu yegumbi (okwandisa ukusebenza kwe-CV), futhi balungisa igebe le-pellet mill roll laya ku-0.15 mm.
Imininingwane ephawulekayo: lapho umhlinzeki wezinto zokusetshenziswa zomkhiqizi eshintshela kuhlobo lommbila oluqinile ngoMashi 2025, i-SFSP hammer mill throughput yehle okwesikhashana ngo-8%. Ithimba laseHongyang ngemuva kokuthengisa laphendula zingakapheli amahora angu-48, lincoma ushintsho lwesikrini kusuka ku-3.0 mm kuya ku-3.5 mm kanye nokwenyuka kwesivinini se-hammer tip ngokulungisa isilinganiso se-V-belt pulley. I-throughput yabuyiselwa kumthamo olinganiselwe zingakapheli usuku olulodwa, futhi ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana kwahlala ngaphakathi kwencazelo.
Isiphetho
Icala le-Dong Nai libonisa iphethini evame kakhulu embonini yokudla yaseVietnam: abakhiqizi abaphakathi nendawo abatshala imali ezinhlelweni zokukhiqiza ezakhiwe ngenhloso, ezihlanganisiwe ukuze bancintisane nabahlanganisi abakhulu ngekhwalithi kunomthamo. Indlela ehlanganisiwe ye-Hongyang yokugaya nokuxuba nokugaya ayixazululanga inkinga eyodwa ehlukanisiwe kodwa uchungechunge oluhlanganisiwe losayizi wezinhlayiya, ukufana kokuxuba, kanye nokuqina kwe-pellet okunquma ikhwalithi yokugcina yokudla.
Njengoba kukhiqizwa amathani angu-9.7 kuya kwangu-10.3 ngehora, kuhlanganiswa ukufana ku-CV 5.8%, kanye ne-PDI njalo ngaphezu kwama-96%, umkhiqizi manje usehlinzeka ngokudla emapulazini ezingulube angaphezu kwama-50 ezinkontileka kuzo zonke izifundazwe zaseDong Nai naseBinh Duong. Umqondisi wezobuchwepheshe womkhiqizi waphawula ukuthi umphumela obaluleke kakhulu kwakungewona noma iyiphi i-metric eyodwa kodwa ukubikezela: Manje sesiyazi kahle ukuthi amakhasimende ethu azoyithola ikhwalithi engakanani, inqwaba ngenqwaba.
Imithombo yedatha: Ihhovisi Lezibalo Jikelele laseVietnam kanye noMnyango Wezolimo Nokuthuthukiswa Kwezindawo Zasemakhaya (umbiko wonyaka ka-2024); I-TCN 10300: Izinga lokuphakelwa laseVietnam lika-2014; Izinga lokufana lokuxuba ukudla kwaseShayina le-GB/T 5916-2008; imibiko yangaphakathi yomkhiqizi webhulorho ye-QC (ngoJanuwari kuya kuJuni 2025).
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Meyi-29-2026
