Isifinyezo esiphezulu
IJordani ivele njengenye yezimakethe zezinkukhu ezithuthuke kakhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi naseNyakatho Afrika. UMbuso uzuze ukuzimela okuphelele ngamaqanda etafuleni futhi wadlula ukuzimela kwenyama yezinkukhu ngo-80% ngo-2024, okusekelwa ukutshalwa kwezimali kulo lonke umkhakha okungaphezu kwe-JD 2.4 billion (cishe ama-USD 3.4 billion). Ukungeniswa kwempahla yokudla yonyaka kwafinyelela cishe amathani angu-650,000 ommbila ophuzi kanye namathani angu-350,000 okudla kwesoya, okuvela ikakhulukazi eBrazil nase-Argentina ngechweba lase-Aqaba eLwandle Olubomvu.
Ngenxa yalesi simo, ipulazi eliphakathi nendawo esifundeni saseZarqa empumalanga ye-Amman laqala umugqa wokugaya ukudla owakhiwe eduze komshini wokugaya i-SZLH420 ring die pellet waseHongyang maphakathi no-2025. Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili zokusebenza okuqhubekayo, umshini wokugaya uhlinzeka njalo ngamathani angu-8 ngehora wokudla kwe-layer nge-pellet durability index (PDI) edlula ama-93%, esekela umhlambi wezinkukhu ezingu-150,000 ezizalela amaqanda ngokukhiqiza amaqanda okuzinzile kanye nezilinganiso zokuguqulwa kokudla ezithuthukisiwe.
Lolu cwaningo lwesifundo luhlola ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokupeta ngokunemba, obuhlanganiswe nemingcele efanele yokulungisa ukudla okune-calcium ephezulu, buvumela kanjani umkhiqizi waseJordani ukulawula ikhwalithi yokudla emakethe lapho izinto zokusetshenziswa zidlula khona emaketangeni okuphakelwa kwamanye amazwe.
Umkhakha Wezinkukhu waseJordani: Ukukhula Nesidingo Sokudla
Umkhakha wezinkukhu waseJordan uqophe ukukhula okuqhubekayo eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Ngokusho kwe-Jordan News Agency (Petra) kanye noMnyango Wezolimo, umkhiqizo wenyama yezinkukhu wanyanga zonke udlula amathani angu-33,000, kanti amaqanda engeziwe ayizigidi ezingu-40 akhiqizwa njalo ngenyanga. Izwe ligcina cishe izinsuku ezingu-110 zokudla okugciniwe njengendlela yokuvikela ukuphazamiseka kokunikezwa.
Ukwanda kwalo mkhakha kuholele ekukhuleni okulinganayo kwesidingo sokudla okuhlanganisiwe. I-USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) ibike ukuthi ukungeniswa kommbila kubikezelwe cishe kumathani angu-750,000, kanti ukungeniswa kwebhali kumathani angu-900,000 okondla imfuyo. Ichweba elilodwa lamanzi ajulile ezweni e-Aqaba lisebenza njengendawo yokungena yokuthunyelwa kokusanhlamvu okuningi okuvela kubahlinzeki baseNingizimu Melika, ikakhulukazi iBrazil ne-Argentina.
Kubakhiqizi bezendlalelo, ukudla okuphakelayo kumelela u-65–70% wezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphelele. Emakethe lapho amanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa eziluhlaza enqunywa yizimakethe zezimpahla zomhlaba wonke futhi engaphansi kokuguquguquka kokuthunyelwa kwe-Red Sea - okuqokonyiswe ngumphathi we-feed mill ye-Al-Hazaa Investment Group u-Abdullah Yassine engxoxweni ye-World-Grain kaDisemba 2025 - ukulawula ikhwalithi ye-pellet emshinini kuba yisivikelo esiqondile senzuzo yepulazi.
Iklayenti: Amapulazi e-Al-Murabba Layer
I-Al-Murabba Poultry Company (igama eliqanjiwe elimelela iphrofayili yokusebenza yangempela) isebenza ngesakhiwo sokwakha izingqimba zezentengiselwano esigodini saseZarqa, cishe amakhilomitha angama-30 empumalanga ye-Amman. Leli pulazi linezinkukhu ezingu-150,000 zeLohmann Brown ezizalelayo ezigcinwe ezinhlelweni zamakheji alawulwa yisimo sezulu. Ukukhiqizwa kwamaqanda minyaka yonke kudlula amaqanda ayizigidi ezingu-42, okuhlinzeka ngezimakethe ezithengiswayo zase-Amman kanye nomzila okhulayo wokuthumela kwamanye amazwe esifundeni e-Iraq.
Ngaphambi kokuqalisa umshini wayo wokuphakela ukudla ngo-2025, i-Al-Murabba yathola ukudla okufakwe ungqimba olufakwe ungqimba oluvela ezigayweni zezentengiselwano emzileni wase-Amman-Zarqa. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukahluka kokuqina kwe-pellet — kusukela ekuqhekekeni okuthambile ngokweqile (i-PDI ngaphansi kuka-80%) kuya kuma-pellet aqinile alungiswe ngokweqile anciphisa ukudla — kwabangela isinqumo esihlakaniphile sokuletha ukukhiqizwa kokudla endlini.
Ikhwalithi eyinhloko yayiwukuqina kwama-pellet. Izinkukhu ezizalayo zikhetha ukudla; izinhlawulo eziningi ezinhlelweni zokudla ezenzakalelayo zibangela ukuhlukaniswa kokudla, lapho izinyoni zidla khona izinhlayiya ezinkulu futhi zishiye izinhlawulo ezicebile nge-calcium. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuholela ekungenisweni kwe-calcium okungaguquki, ikhwalithi yegobolondo encishisiwe, kanye namazinga amaqanda ehle kakhulu.
Izidingo Zokwenza Ukudla Nokuhlanzwa Kokudla
Ukwakheka kokudla okuqondiwe kwabonisa ukudla okujwayelekile kwesendlalelo saseMpumalanga Ephakathi okusekelwe ekudleni okungenisiwe:
Inothi mayelana nokwakheka:I-premix yamavithamini namaminerali, usawoti, i-DL-methionine zenza ibhalansi.
Ukufakwa kwe-limestone ephezulu — okudingekayo ekwakhekeni kwegobolondo lamaqanda — kuletha inselele ethile yokuhlanganisa ama-pellet. I-calcium carbonate iyahlupha futhi inciphisa ukubopha kwezinhlayiya zemvelo ngesikhathi sokucindezelwa, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukufeza amanani aphezulu e-PDI uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla kwe-broiler noma kwengulube. Ububanzi be-pellet buchazwe ku-4.0 mm, okuhambisana nezincomo zemboni zezinkukhu ezivuthiwe ezizalela amaqanda.
Umphumela wokusetshenziswa okuqondiwe:Amathani ayi-8 ngehora, anele ukumboza isidingo sokudla kwansuku zonke sepulazi esingaba amathani ayi-16-18 ngezinguquko ezimbili zokukhiqiza.
Ukukhethwa Kwemishini: Kungani i-SZLH420
U-Al-Murabba uhlole abahlinzeki bemishini abathathu ngaphambi kokukhetha i-Hongyang Feed Machinery. Izindlela zokuhlola zazihlanganisa: ukuhambisana nezakhiwo zesendlalelo esine-calcium ephezulu, idatha yokusebenza ebhalwe phansi ekufakweni okufanayo, izindleko eziphelele zobunikazi uma kucatshangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kanye nokuphila kwesikhathi, kanye nokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe ngaphambi kokuthengisa - ikakhulukazi ukuhlaziywa kwepharamitha yokulungisa isimo sencazelo eqondile yokusanhlamvu kweklayenti.
Ukucushwa kwe-Hongyang SZLH420
- Injini eyinhloko: 110 kW
- Injini ye-conditioner: 7.5 kW
- Injini yesiphakeli: 2.2 kW (VFD)
- Umthamo olinganisiwe: 10–12 t/h (ofinyelela ku-8 t/h)
- Izinga lokwakheka kwama-pellet: ≥95%
- Izinto zokwakha: Insimbi ye-alloy, eqinile nge-vacuum
- Isidingo somusi: 0.1–0.4 MPa, 130–150°C
Izici ezintathu zobuchwepheshe zibonakalise zibalulekile:
Uhlelo lokudlulisa oluqondile oluqhutshwa yigiya
Ngokungafani nemishini yokugaya ama-pellet eqhutshwa ngebhande evamile ekufakweni okudala, i-SZLH420 isebenzisa i-helical gear drive ene-carburised kanye ne-quenched pinion shafts. Lokhu kuqeda ukulahleka kwe-belt slippage - ngokuvamile okungu-3-5% ezinhlelweni eziqhutshwa ngebhande - okuletha i-torque engaguquki ku-die. Ukuze kufakwe i-layer feed pellet, lapho okuqukethwe yi-lamestone okubangela ukuguguleka kwe-die okuqhubekayo kanye nomthwalo oguquguqukayo, ukugcina isivinini se-die esingaguquki ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwe-torque kubalulekile ukuze kube nokuvumelana kwe-batch-to-batch pellet.
Isithambisi sensimbi engagqwali esinomjovo we-axial steam
Ikamelo le-conditioner lenziwe ngensimbi engagqwali engu-304, ene-axial steam manifold esabalalisa umusi ogcwele ngokulinganayo ku-mash. Isikhathi sokugcina esisebenzayo samasekhondi angu-45-60 ku-78-82°C — kanye nefasitela lokushisa elinconyelwe ukulungiswa kokudla kwesendlalelo — liqinisekisa i-gelatinization eyanele yesitashi ngaphandle kokuwohloka kokushisa kwama-amino acid engeziwe, ikakhulukazi i-DL-methionine eyengeziwe ebalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamaqanda.
Inqubo yokucacisa idayi
Ithimba lobunjiniyela likaHongyang lincome isilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-1:8.5 sokwakheka kwezingqimba ezine-calcium ephezulu, esingaphansi kuka-1:10 esivame ukusetshenziswa ekudleni kwenkukhu. Lokhu kunciphisa ukumelana nokushisa ngesikhathi sokukhipha, kuvimbele ukushisa ngokweqile kokungqubuzana okungenza ushukela ube mnandi futhi kunciphise ukunambitha kwama-pellet - into ehlobene ngqo nokudla okudliwayo ezinkukhuni ezizalelayo.
Ukufakwa Nokugunyazwa
Ukulethwa nokufakwa kwemishini kwaqedwa emavikini ayisithupha ngoMeyi-Juni 2025. UHongyang wathumela ithimba lonjiniyela abaqaphayo labantu ababili ukuze baqondise ukufakwa kwemishini, ukuhlanganiswa kukagesi, kanye nokulinganiswa kwamapharamitha enqubo.
Ukuqaliswa kohlelo kugxile ezinguqukweni ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- Ukulawulwa komfutho womusi endaweni yokungena ye-conditioner, okusethwe ku-0.25 MPa ngekhwalithi yomusi ogcwele engu-≥97% ingxenye yokomisa — kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwe-condensate trap
- Umswakama oqoqwe ngobuningi obungu-14.5–15.0% ngemuva kokulungiswa, ofinyelelwa ngokulinganisa ukugeleza komusi ngokumelene ne-feeder yesivinini esiguquguqukayo
- Iphrothokholi yokuqalisa ukusebenza: ukukhishwa kokuqala komthamo olinganiselwe ngo-60% emahoreni okuqala angu-48 okusebenza, kanye nokunyuka kancane kancane kuze kufike ekulayisheni okugcwele ezinsukwini ezinhlanu zokukhiqiza ezilandelayo
Izinga lokushisa lokulungisa laqiniswa ku-80°C ± 2°C, okwakhiqiza amazinga okushisa okuphuma kwe-pellet lapho i-die engu-82–85°C. Ngemuva kokukhipha i-pellet, i-counterflow cooler yehlise izinga lokushisa le-pellet laya ngaphakathi kuka-5°C komswakama ozungezile kanye nomswakama wokugcina laya ku-12.5%, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-microbiological emazingeni okushisa asehlobo aseJordan, avame ukudlula ku-38°C ngoJulayi nango-Agasti.
Imiphumela Yokusebenza: Izinyanga Eziyishumi Nambili Zokukhiqiza Okuqhubekayo
Ngemva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nambili zokusebenza kuze kube uJuni 2026, idatha yokusebenza ibonisa umphumela oqhubekayo nozinzile:
| Isilinganiso sokusebenza | Ithagethi | Okwangempela (Isilinganiso Sezinyanga Eziyi-12) |
|---|---|---|
| Umthamo | 8.0 t/h | 7.8–8.2 t/h |
| Inkomba Yokuqina Kwe-Pellet (PDI) | ≥88% | 92.6% (umhloli we-Holmen) |
| Izinga Lokwakha Ama-Pellet | ≥95% | 96.2% |
| Izinhlawulo ku-Finished Feed | ≤5% | 3.4% |
| Ukusetshenziswa Kwamandla | ≤14 kWh/t | 12.8 kWh/t |
| Impilo Yokufa (ngaphambi kokugaya kabusha) | Amahora angu-5,000 | Kufinyelelwe amahora angu-5,200 |
I-PDI engu-92.6% imele ukuthuthuka okunenjongo ngaphezu kobubanzi obungu-78–82% ipulazi elibubonile ngokuthengwa kokudla kwezentengiselwano. Ukwehliswa kwezinhlawulo kusukela cishe ku-18–22% kuya ku-3.4% kwasusa ngokuphelele inkinga yokudla okukhethiwe eyayinegalelo ekhwalithini engaguquki yegobolondo.
Imiphumela yezinga lepulazi elandelwe esikhathini sezinyanga eziyishumi nambili ibonise:
- Izinga lamaqanda elincishisiwe: lincishisiwe lisuka ku-3.8% laya ku-1.9% (amaqanda aqhekekile, anegobolondo elincane, futhi anomumo ongalungile)
- Isisindo seqanda elimaphakathi: ligcinwa ku-63.2 g (lihambisana nezinga le-Lohmann Brown)
- Isilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokudla: sithuthukisiwe kusuka ku-2.18 kuya ku-2.09 kg ukudla nge-kg isisindo seqanda
- Ukudla kwansuku zonke kwenyoni ngayinye: 114–116 g, okuhambisanayo futhi kungaphakathi kwebanga eliqondiwe lohlobo
I-die ifinyelele amahora angu-5,200 okuphila okusebenzayo ngaphambi kokudinga ukugaya kabusha, idlula kancane isilinganiso samahora angu-5,000. Lokhu kuyaphawuleka uma ubheka uhlobo lokukhuhla lwe-calcium ephezulu, futhi kukhombisa imininingwane ye-die yensimbi ehlanganisiwe eqinisiwe nge-vacuum.
Ukuqina Kweketheni Lokunikezela Emnothweni Wokuphakelwa Kolwandle
Ukusebenzisa umshini wokuphakela ukudla eJordani kusho ukuphatha izintambo zokuphakelwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezithatha amakhilomitha ayi-11,000 ukusuka emachwebeni aseBrazil nase-Argentina ngokusebenzisa uLwandle Olubomvu kuya e-Aqaba. Ukusabalala kokwandiswa komshini wokuphakela ukudla e-Al-Hazaa eWorld-Grain kubhale phansi umthelela wokuphazamiseka kokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi oLwandle Olubomvu kanye nokuguquguquka okuhlobene nezingxabano phakathi kweRussia ne-Ukraine emananini empahla yokuphakela ukudla eJordani.
Ku-Al-Murabba, ukuletha ama-pellets endlini kunikeze isivikelo ngokumelene nalezi zishaqeko zangaphandle ngesici esisodwa esibalulekile kodwa esibalulekile: ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Ngenkathi amanani ezinto zokusetshenziswa ehlala enqunywa ngaphandle, ikhono lokugcina ikhwalithi yama-pellets ehambisanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona yini umehluko omncane ekungeneni komswakama wommbila noma okuqukethwe kwamaprotheni okudla kwesoya - ngokulungisa imingcele yokulungisa endaweni yokugaya - kulondoloze ukuqina komkhiqizo wokugcina.
Umphathi wepulazi waphawula ekubuyekezweni kokusebenza kwaphakathi no-2026 ukuthi ukuzinza kwe-torque eqhutshwa yigiya le-SZLH420 kwakubaluleke kakhulu lapho kucutshungulwa amaqoqo ngommbila omanzi ophakeme kancane ovela ekuthunyelweni okukodwa kwaseBrazil. Isivinini sokufa esiqhubekayo savimbela ukuguquguquka kokuphuma komkhiqizo okwakungenzeka ngohlelo oluqhutshwa yibhande ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo.
Isiphetho
Umkhakha weJordani usebenza ngokuzimela okuphelele - impumelelo ephawulekayo emnothweni ontula amanzi, oxhomeke ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe. Imboni yezinkukhu yezwe, esekelwa yi-JD 2.4 billion ekutshalweni kwezimali okuqongelelekayo futhi esekelwa ukungeniswa kwaminyaka yonke kwamathani angaba yisigidi esisodwa sommbila nokudla kwesoya, isibe yisilinganiso sesifunda.
Ngaphakathi kwale ndlela yokuphila, abakhiqizi abaphakathi njengo-Al-Murabba babhekene nenselele ekabili: ukuphatha ukuchayeka kwezimpahla zomhlaba wonke ngenkathi begcina ikhwalithi yama-pellet edingwa yizinkukhu ezifuywayo ukuze kukhiqizwe amaqanda njalo. Ukwakhiwa kwegiya okuqhutshwa yi-SZLH420 ring die pellet mill, uhlelo lokulungisa insimbi engagqwali, kanye nobunjiniyela bokufa obuqondene nohlelo lokusebenza kunikeze ikhambi elikhiqize imiphumela elinganisekayo: i-PDI engu-92.6%, izinhlawulo ezingu-3.4%, kanye nokuthuthuka okungu-4.1% kwesilinganiso sokuguqulwa kokudla.
Ku-Hongyang Feed Machinery, ukufakwa kwe-Al-Murabba kunezela emininingwaneni ekhulayo yasensimini ekhombisa ukuthi imishini yokugaya ukudla yaseShayina eklanywe ngokunemba ingahlangabezana nezimfuneko ezidingekayo zabakhiqizi bokudla baseMpumalanga Ephakathi — hhayi njengendlela ehlukile yokuyekethisa izindleko, kodwa njengenketho eqhutshwa ukusebenza esekelwa ukwesekwa kokugunyazwa kanye nemiphumela yokusebenza eqoshiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-06-2026
