Umkhiqizi Wokudla Kwezinkukhu ZaseSaudi Uthole I-98.2% PDI Ngokufa Kwendandatho YaseHongyang ku-+45°C

Isifinyezo esiphezulu

Ukukhiqizwa kwenyama yenkukhu eSaudi Arabia kufinyelele cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.3 ngo-2024, ukwanda okungu-12.9% unyaka nonyaka okubangelwa umyalo wokuphepha kokudla we-Vision 2030 ohlose ukuzimela kwenkukhu okungu-80% (GASTAT, 2024). Lokhu kwanda kubeka izidingo ezingavamile kubakhiqizi bokudla, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zasehlobo lapho amazinga okushisa avamile edlula khona ama-45°C. I-Al-Riyadh Feed Industries (igama elingadalulwanga ngesicelo seklayenti), enye yabakhiqizi benkukhu abahlanu abaphezulu abahlanganisiwe boMbuso abanomkhiqizo wokudla okuhlanganisiwe waminyaka yonke odlula ama-metric tons angu-280,000, ibhekene nengqinamba enkulu yokukhiqiza: ukuqina kwe-pellet kuye kwehla njalo ngesikhathi sokushisa kukaMeyi-Septhemba, kwehle kufike ku-91-92% PDI (Pellet Durability Index) uma kuqhathaniswa nesilinganiso sangaphakathi senkampani esingu-≥96%.

Maphakathi no-2024, inkampani yafaka kabusha imigqa yayo emibili eyinhloko ye-pellet mill nge-Hongyang HYPM-series ring die assemblies kanye nama-roller shells afanayo. Ezinsukwini zokuqala ezingu-90 zokusebenza kuze kube sehlobo eliphezulu, imigqa yathola i-PDI eqhubekayo engu-98.2% (± 0.5), yasusa izehlakalo zokuminyana ezibangelwa ukushisa, futhi yanciphisa imvamisa yokufakwa esikhundleni kwe-ring die cishe ngo-35% uma kuqhathaniswa nama-die asetshenziswe ngaphambilini aseYurophu. Lolu cwaningo luhlola izinselele zobuchwepheshe ze-pelleting yokushisa okuphezulu, impendulo yobunjiniyela be-Hongyang, kanye nemiphumela engabalwa etholakele.

Isizinda Semboni kanye Neklayenti

I-Saudi Arabia isebenza ngaphansi kwenye yezindawo ezishisa kakhulu emhlabeni zokukhiqizwa kwemfuyo okunamandla. I-General Authority for Statistics ibike ukuthi isifundazwe saseRiyadh sodwa sikhiqize amathani angu-359,700 enyama yenkukhu ngo-2024, kulandele iHail (amathani angu-295,000) kanye neQassim (amathani angu-200,000). Ukudla kumelela u-60-70% wezindleko zokukhiqiza inkukhu, okwenza ikhwalithi ye-pellet ibe yinto eguquguqukayo kwezomnotho.

I-Al-Riyadh Feed Industries isebenzisa izigayo ezintathu zokudla ezitholakala esifundeni esiphakathi zondla amapulazi enkukhu angu-42 aqashwe yinkampani. Ukwakheka kwabo okuyinhloko kokuqeda inkukhu yisisekelo sokudla kommbila nobhontshisi wesoya esinobubanzi be-pellet obungu-3.0 mm, sihlose izinga lokushisa le-pellet eliqediwe ngaphansi kuka-88°C lapho kukhishwa khona i-cooler. Ngaphambi kokulungiswa kabusha kwe-Hongyang, inkampani yayibhekene nephethini yesizini ephindaphindayo: njengoba izinga lokushisa elizungezile lenyuka ngaphezu kuka-38°C (ngokuvamile ekuqaleni kukaMeyi), imithwalo yemishini ye-pellet mill yaba yizimo ezingaguquki, amazinga okushisa aphezulu akhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-95°C, kanti i-PDI ye-pellet eqediwe yehla ngaphansi komkhawulo ongu-96% odingekayo ukuze kugcinwe amazinga okulahlwa kokudla amukelekayo ezingeni lepulazi.

Umphumela wezomnotho wawulinganiswa. Imininingwane yemboni evela kwi-International Poultry Research Institute ikhombisa ukuthi ukwehla ngakunye kwe-PDI kuhlobene nokwanda okulinganiselwa ku-0.4-0.6% kokumoshwa kokudla ezinhlelweni zokudla ezingaphansi komhlaba - okuhumusha cishe amathani angu-1,100-1,700 engeziwe okuphakelwa alahleka minyaka yonke esikalini sika-Al-Riyadh lapho i-PDI yehla ngezikhathi ezithile.

Inselele: Ukushisa Okukhulu Nokuwohloka Kwekhwalithi Ye-Pellet

Ukufakwa kwe-pellet ye-broiler kusebenza ngaphakathi kwefasitela elincane le-thermodynamic. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lokulungisa ama-mash liphakathi kuka-75-90°C, kanti amazinga okushisa okuphuma ngokufa agcinwa ku-80-90°C. Ngaphezulu kuka-95°C, ukuchithwa kokushisa kwamavithamini ashisa kakhulu (A, D, E, K) kanye nama-amino acid okwenziwa (i-lysine, i-methionine) kusheshisa ngokulinganisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukusabela kwe-Maillard phakathi kokunciphisa ushukela nama-amino acid amahhala kuqala ukubopha i-lysine ezinkingeni ezingagayeki, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ubuningi bezakhamzimba ezitholakalayo (I-Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 2019).

Ezigayweni zika-Al-Riyadh, ukushisa kwehlobo kwethule izindlela ezintathu zokwehluleka ezihlanganisa:

1. Ukuntuleka komthamo wokupholisa: Umoya ozungezile ongena ku-45°C wehlise i-gradient yokushisa yesibandisi esijikelezayo, wavimbela ama-pellets ukuthi afinyelele izinga lokushisa lokukhishwa eliqondiwe elingu-5°C ngaphezu kwe-ambient. Ama-pellets aphuma efudumele kakhulu agcina umswakama osele futhi athambisa ngesikhathi sokugcina.

2. Ukushisa okuhambayo: Lapho izinga lokushisa lihlala liphakeme ngo-45°C, amandla okushisa e-pellet mill adlula. Izinga lokushisa lobuso be-die likhuphuke ngaphezu kuka-95°C phakathi nemizuzu yokuqala engu-45 yokusebenza okuqhubekayo, okwabangela ukuvala okuzenzakalelayo kwe-PLC yokuphepha ye-mill.

3. Ukushelela kwegobolondo le-roller: Amazinga okushisa aphezulu anciphise i-coefficient esebenzayo yokungqubuzana phakathi kobuso begobolondo le-roller kanye ne-mash elungisiwe, okubangela ukushelela kwe-roller ngezikhathi ezithile, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinto ezingalingani ebusweni be-die, kanye namaphethini okuguguleka kwe-die asendaweni.

Umphumela ophelele: i-pellet PDI yehle yaya ku-91.2% (ilinganiswa ngendlela ye-ASAE S269.4 yokuwa), ukuchitheka kokudla emapulazini kwanda cishe ngo-2.8%, futhi isitshalo saphoqeleka ukunciphisa umkhiqizo ngo-15-20% ngezikhathi ezishisa kakhulu ukuze kugwenywe ukuvalwa. Impilo yesevisi ye-ring die - kakade icindezelwe okuqukethwe yi-silica emmbileni otholakala endaweni - yehle kusukela emahoreni okusebenza angu-3,500 ajwayelekile ebusika yaya emahoreni angu-2,200-2,500 ehlobo.

Hongyang Isixazululo

Ngemva kokuhlolwa kobuchwepheshe okwenziwe ngokubambisana nethimba lobunjiniyela bezicelo laseHongyang, kwenziwa ukuhlaziywa kwezingxenye ezintathu emigqeni emibili yokugaya ama-pellet:

1. I-Precision Ring Die ene-Optimized Compression Ratio

UHongyang ucacise idayisi yendandatho engu-3.0 mm ububanzi enesilinganiso sokucindezela esingu-1:12.5 — elinganiswe ngendlela yokwakheka kwe-broiler finisher yeklayenti (isisekelo sokudla kommbila nesoya esinamafutha engeziwe angu-3.2% kanye nomswakama we-post-conditioning ongu-14.5%). Izinto zedayi kwakuyinsimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic X46Cr13 (DIN 1.4034 / Chinese 4Cr13), ecutshungulwa ngokuqina kwe-vacuum ku-1,050-1,080°C kulandelwe ukufudumala okuphindwe kabili ku-220-240°C ukuze kufezwe ubulukhuni obufanayo bomphezulu we-HRC 52-54 kuyo yonke ithrekhi yedayi.

Ngokubucayi, ubuchwepheshe be-die hole obubholwe ngezibhamu bukaHongyang — obusebenzisa ukubhoboza imigodi ejulile ye-CNC ngokubekezelelana kwesimo okungu-±0.02 mm — bukhiqize ukufana kobubanzi bemigodi kuya kwemigodi okulinganiswe ku-≤15 μm variance. Leli zinga lokunemba linciphisa ukumelana kokugeleza okuhlukile kulo lonke ubuso be-die, okuyisihluthulelo sokugcina ubuningi be-pellet obuhambisanayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa ezishintshashintshayo. Ukungena ngakunye kwemigodi ye-die kwaqedwa nge-chamfer ye-lead-in encishisiwe ku-60° ukunciphisa ukumelana kokungena kwezinto, kunciphisa ngempumelelo ukusetshenziswa kwamandla athile (kWh/ton) okudingekayo ukuqala ukwakheka kwe-pellet.

2. I-Roller Shell Assembly Ehambisanayo Enokulungiswa Kwebheyari Esezingeni Eliphezulu

UHongyang unikeze isethi efanayo yamagobolondo e-roller akhiqizwe ngensimbi ye-alloy engu-20CrMnTi enobubanzi becala elihlanganisiwe obungu-2.0-2.2 mm kanye nobunzima bomphezulu obungu-HRC 60-62. Iphethini ye-corrugation yaklanywa nge-groove pitch engu-1.2 mm kanye nobubanzi be-groove obungu-0.8 mm, elungiselelwe ukukhulisa ukubamba kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ku-broiler mash ene-friction ephansi, enamafutha amaningi.

I-roller assembly yayihlanganisa ama-roller bearings aqinile avaliwe ngokushisa okuphezulu (okulinganayo kwe-SKF Explorer-class, okulinganiselwe ku-120°C continuous operating temperature), esikhundleni sama-bearings ajwayelekile ayebonise ukuwohloka kwamafutha kanye nokuqhekeka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ehlobo. I-labyrinth-style multi-stage seal ene-PTFE lip elements yavimbela ukungena kwamafine, i-vector evamile yokwehluleka lapho izinhlayiya ze-mash ezishisayo nezomile zingena ezindlini ze-bearing.

3. Iphrothokholi Yokulinganisa Igebe Le-Die-Roller

Ithimba lobuchwepheshe likaHongyang lisungule igebe le-die-roller elingu-0.40 mm (± 0.05 mm), elilinganiswe ngokubanda nge-feeler gauge ezindaweni eziyisithupha ezilinganayo ezizungeze umjikelezo we-die. Lokhu kuchazwa kwegebe okuqinile kunejwayelekile kuqinisekisa ukwanda kokushisa ekushiseni kokusebenza: ekushiseni kobuso be-die okungu-85°C, i-X46Cr13 die ikhula nge-radially cishe ngo-0.08-0.12 mm (i-coefficient yokwanda kokushisa ≈10.5 × 10⁻⁶/K), kuvala ngempumelelo igebe lokubanda libe cishe ngu-0.28-0.35 mm ezimweni zokusebenza. Le ndlela yangaphambi kokunciphisa ivimbela igebe ukuthi lingabi banzi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwehlobo, obekunganciphisa amandla okucindezela ku-mash futhi kubeke engcupheni ubuningi be-pellet.

Idatha Yokukhiqiza kanye Nemiphumela

Idatha yokusebenza iqoqwe esikhathini sokuhlola sezinsuku ezingu-90 (uJuni-Agasti 2025, ihlobo eliphakeme kakhulu) kuzo zombili imigqa elungisiwe, kanti ukusebenza kwehlobo elidlule (uJuni-Agasti 2024) kusebenza njengesisekelo.

| Ipharamitha | Isisekelo (Ihlobo lika-2024) | I-Hongyang Retrofit (Ihlobo lika-2025) | Intuthuko |

| Isilinganiso se-PDI (ASAE S269.4) | 91.2% | 98.2% (± 0.5%) | +7.0 amaphesenti amaphuzu |
| Izinga lokushisa lobuso (isimo esizinzile) | 94-98°C | 85-89°C | -9°C isilinganiso |
| Izinga lokushisa lokukhipha ama-pellet (ngemuva kokupholisa) | 36-40°C | 29-33°C | -7°C isilinganiso |
| Ukuvalwa okuzenzakalelayo okubangelwa ukushisa (ngenyanga) | Imicimbi engu-8-12 | Imicimbi engu-0 | Ukususwa okungu-100% |
| Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamandla ngesikhathi sokushisa okuphezulu (uma kuqhathaniswa nobusika) | -18% | -3% | Ukubuyiselwa kwamaphuzu angu-15% |
| Isikhathi senkonzo ye-ring die (esilinganisiwe, esilinganisiwe) | Amahora angu-2,200-2,500 | Amahora angu-3,400-3,800 (esilinganisiwe) | +52% esilinganisiwe |
| Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla athile (kWh/ton) | 18.7 | 17.2 | -8% |
| Ukumosheka kokudla ezingeni lepulazi (% yokudla okulethiwe) | 4.8% | 1.9% | -60% ukuncishiswa |
| Okuqukethwe kwezinhlawulo ekulethweni kwepulazi (<2 mm ngesihlungo) | 8.5% | 1.7% | -80% ukunciphisa |

Ukuthuthukiswa okubaluleke kakhulu kokusebenza kwaba ukuqedwa ngokuphelele kokuvalwa okuzenzakalelayo okubangelwa ukushisa. Ngesikhathi sehlobo lika-2024, umcimbi ngamunye wokuvalwa wawudinga cishe imizuzu engama-25-35 yesikhathi sokungasebenzi - kufaka phakathi ukuhlanza ngodayi, ukuqala kabusha, kanye nokuhlanza izinto - okuholele ekulahlekelweni kwamahora okukhiqiza ayi-15-20 ngenyanga. Njengoba kungekho micimbi yokuvalwa ebhalwe phansi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kuka-2025, isikhathi sokukhiqiza esitholakalayo sanda cishe ngo-8%.

Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqina kwama-pellet kulethe izinzuzo zomnotho ezingaphansi kwalokho obekulindelwe. Ukwehla kokuqukethwe kwezinhlawulo ekulethweni kwepulazi kusuka ku-8.5% kuya ku-1.7% kuhunyushwe ngqo ekuchithweni okuphansi kokudla ezinhlelweni zokuphakela epanini ezenzakalelayo. Esikalini sokukhiqiza seklayenti samathani angu-280,000 ngonyaka, lokhu kwehla okungu-60% kokuchithwa kwepulazi kumelela okulinganiselwa ukuthi kungamathani angu-8,100 okuphakelwayo alondolozwa ngonyaka - okulingana cishe namaRandi ayizigidi ezingu-2.8 ngamanani okuphakelwa kwesifunda (USDA GAIN Report, i-benchmark yezindleko zokudla zaseSaudi ka-2024).

Ukuhlolwa Kwamakhasimende

Umphathi wokukhiqiza izitshalo unikeze ukuhlolwa okulandelayo ngesikhathi sokubuyekezwa kwangemva kokuhlolwa:

Ukuhlanganiswa kwedayi ne-roller yendandatho yaseHongyang kusebenze ngale kwezidingo zethu zobuchwepheshe. Ukukhathazeka kwethu okuyinhloko ngesikhathi singena ehlobo kwakuwukuthi ngabe noma iyiphi idayi yendandatho — kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ivelaphi — ingagcina ikhwalithi ye-pellet ehambisanayo lapho umoya ozungezile ungena endaweni epholile elinganiswe ngaphezu kuka-45°C. I-98.2% PDI esiyifinyelele ayidlulanga nje umgomo wethu wasehlobo ongu-96% kodwa ifanelane noma idlule isisekelo sethu sasebusika. Ukususwa kokuvalwa okuhlobene nedayi kuphela kwakufanelekela ukutshalwa kwezimali. Ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla athile kwakuyibhonasi engalindelekile.
— Umphathi Wokukhiqiza, i-Al-Riyadh Feed Industries (Central Region Mill)

Umqondisi wokuthengwa kwempahla wenkampani uphinde waphawula ukuthi intengo ye-ring die kaHongyang yayingaphansi ngo-35% kunomhlinzeki waseYurophu owayesetshenziswa ngaphambilini, kuyilapho ifinyelela impilo yesevisi elinganayo noma engcono ngaphansi kwezimo zasehlobo zaseSaudi. Umphumela ohlangene — impilo ye-die ende, izindleko zokuthenga eziphansi, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuncishisiwe, kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu ye-pellet — kukhiqize imbuyiselo ebalwe ekutshalweni kwezimali zingakapheli izinyanga ezingu-7.5.

Isiphetho

Icala le-Al-Riyadh libonisa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-ring die obuklanywe ngokunemba obuvela eHongyang bungahlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokukhiqizwa kokudla kwenkukhu okushisa okuphezulu esifundeni saseGulf. Izici ezintathu zobuchwepheshe zibe negalelo kulo mphumela:

1. Ukusebenza kwesayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo: I-alloy ye-X46Cr13 eqinile nge-vacuum ku-HRC 52-54 enokulingana kwemigodi ebholwe ngezibhamu ye-CNC imelela ikhwalithi yophahla engafinyeleleka kuma-dies endandatho yokudla kwe-broiler emazingeni obuchwepheshe be-metallurgical bamanje.

2. Ukulinganiswa kwegebe eliqaphela ukushisa: Ukubuyisela igebe elibandayo le-die-roller ngaphambi kokukhulisa ukushisa ekushiseni kokusebenza kuwumkhuba ophansi, onethonya elikhulu okufanele usetshenziswe yizinkampani zokondla ezindaweni ezishisayo njengenqubo yokusebenza ejwayelekile.

3. Ukuhlanganiswa kwesistimu okufanisiwe: Idayi yendandatho, igobolondo le-roller, kanye nokucushwa kwamabhere kwaklanywa njengohlelo lokuphatha ukushisa oluhlanganisiwe kunokuba kube yizingxenye ezizimele - indlela ehlukanisa izixazululo eziklanywe ngohlelo lokusebenza ekuhlinzekweni kwedayi yezimpahla.

Kubakhiqizi bokudla abasebenza eMpumalanga Ephakathi, eNyakatho Afrika, nakwezinye izindawo ezishisa kakhulu, imiphumela ye-Al-Riyadh inikeza isilinganiso sokubhekisela: i-98.2% PDI engenazo izithiyo ezibangelwa ukushisa ingatholakala ngezinga lezentengiselwano ngobuchwepheshe be-ring die obuchazwe kahle.

Imithombo yedatha: Izibalo Zezilwane ze-GASTAT 2024; Umbiko Wemakethe Yokudla Okuhlanganisiwe Yeqembu laseSaudi Arabia 2024; Umbiko we-USDA GAIN SA2024-0002; Ijenali Yocwaningo Lwezinkukhu Ezisetshenzisiwe (2019) Umq. 28, Inkinga 4; I-ASAE Standard S269.4; Idatha yobunjiniyela bezicelo zangaphakathi zaseHongyang, isikhathi sokuhlola sikaJuni-Agasti 2025.